Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 6, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland.
Biotechnology Center of Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 8, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland.
Molecules. 2020 Oct 15;25(20):4736. doi: 10.3390/molecules25204736.
A novel, efficient extraction procedure based on natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) and ionic liquids (ILs) for determination of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20-E) in spinach has been developed. NADES, the first green extraction agent, with different hydrogen bond donors and acceptors are screened in order to determine extraction efficiencies. NADES consisting of lactic acid and levulinic acid at a molar ratio of 1:1 exhibits the highest yields. ILs, the second green extraction agent, with various cations and anions are also investigated, where [TEA] [OAc]·AcOH, χ = 0.75 displays the highest recovery. Moreover, NADES-SLE and IL-SLE (SLE, solid-liquid extraction) parameters are investigated. Using the obtained optimized method, the recoveries of the target compound in spinach are above 93% and 88% for NADES-SLE and IL-SLE procedure, respectively. The methods display good linearity within the range of 0.5-30 μg/g and LODs of 0.17 µg/g. The proposed NADES-SLE-UHPLC-UV and IL-SLE-UHPLC-UV procedures can be applied to the analysis of 20-E in real spinach samples, making it a potentially promising technique for food matrix. The main advantage of this study is the superior efficiency of the new, green extraction solvents, which results in a significant reduction of extraction time and solvents as compared to those in the literature.
基于天然深共晶溶剂 (NADES) 和离子液体 (ILs) 的新型、高效提取程序已被开发用于测定菠菜中的 20-羟基蜕皮甾酮 (20-E)。NADES，即第一种绿色提取剂，使用不同的氢键供体和受体进行筛选，以确定提取效率。NADES 由摩尔比为 1:1 的乳酸和乙酰丙酸组成，表现出最高的产率。ILs，即第二种绿色提取剂，使用各种阳离子和阴离子进行研究，其中 [TEA] [OAc]·AcOH，χ = 0.75 显示出最高的回收率。此外，还研究了 NADES-SLE 和 IL-SLE（SLE，固液萃取）参数。使用获得的优化方法，目标化合物在菠菜中的回收率分别为 NADES-SLE 和 IL-SLE 程序的 93%和 88%以上。该方法在 0.5-30 μg/g 范围内显示出良好的线性，LODs 为 0.17 µg/g。所提出的 NADES-SLE-UHPLC-UV 和 IL-SLE-UHPLC-UV 程序可用于分析真实菠菜样品中的 20-E，使其成为食品基质分析的一种有前途的技术。本研究的主要优点是新型绿色提取溶剂的高效性，与文献相比，提取时间和溶剂的用量显著减少。
