Tarkowská Danuše, Strnad Miroslav
Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
Planta. 2016 Sep;244(3):545-55. doi: 10.1007/s00425-016-2561-z. Epub 2016 Jun 23.
The present review summarises current knowledge of phytoecdysteroids' biosynthesis, distribution within plants, biological importance and relations to plant hormones. Plant ecdysteroids (phytoecdysteroids) are natural polyhydroxylated compounds that have a four-ringed skeleton, usually composed of either 27 carbon atoms or 28-29 carbon atoms (biosynthetically derived from cholesterol or other plant sterols, respectively). Their physiological roles in plants have not yet been confirmed and their occurrence is not universal. Nevertheless, they are present at high concentrations in various plant species, including commonly consumed vegetables, and have a broad spectrum of pharmacological and medicinal properties in mammals, including hepatoprotective and hypoglycaemic effects, and anabolic effects on skeletal muscle, without androgenic side-effects. Furthermore, phytoecdysteroids can enhance stress resistance by promoting vitality and enhancing physical performance; thus, they are considered adaptogens. This review summarises current knowledge of phytoecdysteroids' biosynthesis, distribution within plants, biological importance and relations to plant hormones.
本综述总结了目前关于植物蜕皮甾类生物合成、在植物体内的分布、生物学重要性以及与植物激素关系的知识。植物蜕皮甾类（phytoecdysteroids）是具有四环骨架的天然多羟基化合物，通常分别由27个碳原子或28 - 29个碳原子组成（分别通过生物合成从胆固醇或其他植物甾醇衍生而来）。它们在植物中的生理作用尚未得到证实，且其存在并不普遍。然而，它们在包括常见食用蔬菜在内的各种植物物种中含量很高，并且在哺乳动物中具有广泛的药理和药用特性，包括肝脏保护和降血糖作用，以及对骨骼肌的合成代谢作用，且无雄激素副作用。此外，植物蜕皮甾类可通过增强活力和提高身体机能来增强抗应激能力；因此，它们被视为适应原。本综述总结了目前关于植物蜕皮甾类生物合成、在植物体内的分布、生物学重要性以及与植物激素关系的知识。
