Departamento de Química, Unidad Departamental de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, s/n., 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain.
Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, s/n., 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain.
Molecules. 2021 Nov 13;26(22):6846. doi: 10.3390/molecules26226846.
Current trends in Analytical Chemistry are focused on the development of more sustainable and environmentally friendly procedures. However, and despite technological advances at the instrumental level having played a very important role in the greenness of the new methods, there is still work to be done regarding the sample preparation stage. In this sense, the implementation of new materials and solvents has been a great step towards the development of "greener" analytical methodologies. In particular, the application of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) has aroused great interest in recent years in this regard, as a consequence of their excellent physicochemical properties, general low toxicity, and high biodegradability if they are compared with classical organic solvents. Furthermore, the inclusion of DESs based on natural products (natural DESs, NADESs) has led to a notable increase in the popularity of this new generation of solvents in extraction techniques. This review article focuses on providing an overview of the applications and limitations of DESs in solvent-based extraction techniques for food analysis, paying especial attention to their hydrophobic or hydrophilic nature, which is one of the main factors affecting the extraction procedure, becoming even more important when such complex matrices are studied.
目前分析化学的发展趋势集中在开发更可持续和环境友好的方法上。然而，尽管仪器技术的进步在新方法的绿色化方面发挥了非常重要的作用，但在样品制备阶段仍有工作要做。在这方面，新材料和溶剂的应用是朝着开发“更绿色”分析方法迈出的重要一步。特别是，深共晶溶剂 (DESs) 的应用近年来在这方面引起了极大的兴趣，因为与传统有机溶剂相比，它们具有出色的物理化学性质、一般低毒性和高生物降解性。此外，包含天然产物的 DESs（天然 DESs、NADESs）的应用导致了这种新一代溶剂在提取技术中的应用显著增加。本文综述了 DESs 在基于溶剂的食品分析萃取技术中的应用和局限性，特别关注其疏水性或亲水性，这是影响萃取过程的主要因素之一，当研究如此复杂的基质时，这一因素变得更加重要。
