转录组学和代谢组学分析揭示了 LED 光质对肿节风幼苗形态特征和苯丙烷类化合物积累的影响。
Transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling reveals the effect of LED light quality on morphological traits, and phenylpropanoid-derived compounds accumulation in Sarcandra glabra seedlings.
机构信息
College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
College of Arts & College of Landscape Architecture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
出版信息
BMC Plant Biol. 2020 Oct 15;20(1):476. doi: 10.1186/s12870-020-02685-w.
BACKGROUND
Sarcandra glabra is an evergreen and traditional Chinese herb with anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor effects. Light is one of the most influential factor affecting the growth and quality of herbs. In recent times, the introduction of Light Emission Diode (LED) technology has been widely used for plants in greenhouse. However, the impact of such lights on plant growth and the regulatory mechanism of phenylpropanoid-derived compounds in S. glabra remain unclear.
RESULTS
The red LED light (RL) substantially increased the plant height and decreased the stem diameter and leaf area relative to the white LED light (WL), while the blue LED light (BL) significantly reduced the height and leaf area of S. glabra. According to transcriptomic profiling, 861, 378, 47, 10,033, 7917, and 6379 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified among the groups of leaf tissue under BL (BY) vs. leaf tissue under RL (RY), BY vs. leaf tissue under WL (WY), RY vs. WY, root tissue under WL (WG) vs. WY, stem tissue under WL (WJ) vs. WG, and WJ vs. WY, respectively. We identified 46 genes encoding for almost all known enzymes involved in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, e.g., phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), chalcone synthase (CHS), and flavonol synthase (FLS). We found 53 genes encoding R2R3-MYB proteins and bHLH proteins, respectively, where several were related to flavonoids biosynthesis. A total of 454 metabolites were identified based on metabolomic profiling, of which 44, 87, and 296 compounds were differentially produced in WY vs. RY, WY vs. BY, and WY vs. WG. In BY there was a substantial reduction in the production of esculetin, caffeic acid, isofraxidin, and fraxidin, while the yields of quercitrin and kaempferol were significantly up-regulated. In RY, the contents of cryptochlorogenic acid, cinnamic acid, and kaempferol decreased significantly. Besides, in WG, the production of metabolites (e.g. chlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, and scopolin) declined, while their yields increased significantly (e.g. esculetin, fraxetin, isofraxidin, and fraxidin).
CONCLUSION
These results provide further insight into the regulatory mechanism of accumulation patterns of phenylpropanoid-derived compounds in S. glabra under various light conditions, allowing optimum breeding conditions to be developed for this plant.
背景
肿节风是一种常绿的传统中药，具有抗氧化、抗菌、抗炎和抗肿瘤作用。光是影响草药生长和质量的最具影响力的因素之一。近年来，发光二极管（LED）技术已广泛应用于温室植物。然而，这种光对植物生长的影响以及肿节风中苯丙素衍生化合物的调控机制尚不清楚。
结果
与白光 LED（WL）相比，红光 LED（RL）显著增加了肿节风的株高，降低了茎径和叶面积，而蓝光 LED（BL）则显著降低了肿节风的株高和叶面积。根据转录组谱分析，在 BL（BY）与 RL（RY）、BY 与 WL（WY）、RY 与 WY、WL（WG）与 WY、茎 WL（WJ）与 WG 和 WJ 与 WY 之间的叶组织中分别鉴定出 861、378、47、10033、7917 和 6379 个差异表达基因（DEGs）。我们鉴定出 46 个基因，它们编码苯丙烷生物合成中几乎所有已知的酶，如苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）、查尔酮合酶（CHS）和类黄酮合酶（FLS）。我们发现 53 个基因编码 R2R3-MYB 蛋白和 bHLH 蛋白，其中一些与类黄酮生物合成有关。基于代谢组学谱分析，共鉴定出 454 种代谢物，其中 44、87 和 296 种化合物在 WY 与 RY、WY 与 BY 和 WY 与 WG 之间差异产生。在 BY 中，esculetin、咖啡酸、异fraxinidin 和 fraxidin 的产量显著减少，而 quercitrin 和 kaempferol 的产量显著增加。在 RY 中，绿原酸、肉桂酸和 kaempferol 的含量显著降低。此外，在 WG 中，代谢物（如绿原酸、隐绿原酸和獐牙菜苦苷）的产量下降，而其产量显著增加（如esculetin、fraxetin、异fraxinidin 和 fraxidin）。
结论
这些结果进一步深入了解了肿节风在不同光照条件下苯丙素衍生化合物积累模式的调控机制，为该植物的最佳培育条件的开发提供了依据。
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