Lei Yong, Junxin Chen, Yongcan Huang, Xiaoguang Liu, Binsheng Yu
Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spine Surgery, Department of Spine Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China.
Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Orthopaedic Regenerative Technologies, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China.
J Bone Oncol. 2020 Sep 28;25:100322. doi: 10.1016/j.jbo.2020.100322. eCollection 2020 Dec.
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone tumour, with a peak incidence in adolescents, and the five-year survival rate of patients with metastasis or recurrence is much lower than that of patients without metastasis and recurrence. OS is initiated and develops in a complex tumour microenvironment (TME) that contains many different components, such as osteoblasts, osteoclasts, mesenchymal stem cells, fibroblasts, immune cells, extracellular matrix (ECM), extracellular vesicles, and cytokines. The extensive interaction between OS and the TME underlies OS progression. Therefore, rather than targeting OS cells, targeting the key factors in the TME may yield novel therapeutic approaches. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play multiple roles in the biological behaviours of OS, and recent studies have implied that miRNAs are involved in mediating the communication between OS cells and the surrounding TME. Here, we review the TME landscape and the miRNA dysregulation of OS, describe the role of the altered TME in OS development and highlight the role of miRNA in the crosstalk between OS cells and the TME.
骨肉瘤（OS）是最常见的原发性骨肿瘤，在青少年中发病率达到峰值，发生转移或复发的患者五年生存率远低于未发生转移和复发的患者。骨肉瘤在一个包含许多不同成分的复杂肿瘤微环境（TME）中起始并发展，这些成分包括成骨细胞、破骨细胞、间充质干细胞、成纤维细胞、免疫细胞、细胞外基质（ECM）、细胞外囊泡和细胞因子。骨肉瘤与肿瘤微环境之间广泛的相互作用是骨肉瘤进展的基础。因此，靶向肿瘤微环境中的关键因素而非骨肉瘤细胞，可能会产生新的治疗方法。微小RNA（miRNA）在骨肉瘤的生物学行为中发挥多种作用，最近的研究表明，miRNA参与介导骨肉瘤细胞与周围肿瘤微环境之间的通讯。在此，我们综述骨肉瘤的肿瘤微环境格局和miRNA失调情况，描述改变的肿瘤微环境在骨肉瘤发生发展中的作用，并强调miRNA在骨肉瘤细胞与肿瘤微环境相互作用中的作用。
