Hong Liang, Pliss Artem M, Zhan Ye, Zheng Wenhan, Xia Jun, Liu Liwei, Qu Junle, Prasad Paras N
Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
Institute for Lasers, Photonics and Biophotonics, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, NY 14260, USA.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2020 Oct 19;10(10):2058. doi: 10.3390/nano10102058.
Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) has emerged as an important modality for cancer treatment. SDT utilizes ultrasound excitation, which overcomes the limitations of light penetration in deep tumors, as encountered by photodynamic therapy (PDT) which uses optical excitations. A comparative study of these modalities using the same sensitizer drug can provide an assessment of their effects. However, the efficiency of SDT and PDT is low in a hypoxic tumor environment, which limits their applications. In this study, we report a hierarchical nanoformulation which contains a Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved sensitizer chlorin, e6, and a uniquely stable high loading capacity oxygen carrier, perfluoropolyether. This oxygen carrier possesses no measurable cytotoxicity. It delivers oxygen to overcome hypoxia, and at the same time, boosts the efficiency of both SDT and PDT. Moreover, we comparatively analyzed the efficiency of SDT and PDT for tumor treatment throughout the depth of the tissue. Our study demonstrates that the strengths of PDT and SDT could be combined into a single multifunctional nanoplatform, which works well in the hypoxia environment and overcomes the limitations of each modality. The combination of deep tissue penetration by ultrasound and high spatial activation by light for selective treatment of single cells will significantly enhance the scope for therapeutic applications.
声动力疗法（SDT）已成为癌症治疗的一种重要方式。SDT利用超声激发，克服了光动力疗法（PDT）中光穿透深部肿瘤的局限性，PDT使用的是光激发。使用相同的敏化剂药物对这些疗法进行比较研究可以评估它们的效果。然而，在缺氧的肿瘤环境中，SDT和PDT的效率较低，这限制了它们的应用。在本研究中，我们报道了一种分级纳米制剂，其包含美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准的敏化剂二氢卟吩e6和一种独特稳定的高载氧能力的氧载体全氟聚醚。这种氧载体没有可测量的细胞毒性。它输送氧气以克服缺氧，同时提高SDT和PDT的效率。此外，我们比较分析了SDT和PDT在整个组织深度进行肿瘤治疗的效率。我们的研究表明，PDT和SDT的优势可以结合到一个单一的多功能纳米平台中，该平台在缺氧环境中效果良好，并克服了每种疗法的局限性。超声的深部组织穿透和光的高空间激活相结合用于单细胞的选择性治疗将显著扩大治疗应用的范围。
