Department of Dental Science, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea.
Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea.
Molecules. 2020 Oct 19;25(20):4802. doi: 10.3390/molecules25204802.
The mineralized tissues (alveolar bone and cementum) are the major components of periodontal tissues and play a critical role to anchor periodontal ligament (PDL) to tooth-root surfaces. The integrated multiple tissues could generate biological or physiological responses to transmitted biomechanical forces by mastication or occlusion. However, due to periodontitis or traumatic injuries, affect destruction or progressive damage of periodontal hard tissues including PDL could be affected and consequently lead to tooth loss. Conventional tissue engineering approaches have been developed to regenerate or repair periodontium but, engineered periodontal tissue formation is still challenging because there are still limitations to control spatial compartmentalization for individual tissues and provide optimal 3D constructs for tooth-supporting tissue regeneration and maturation. Here, we present the recently developed strategies to induce osteogenesis and cementogenesis by the fabrication of 3D architectures or the chemical modifications of biopolymeric materials. These techniques in tooth-supporting hard tissue engineering are highly promising to promote the periodontal regeneration and advance the interfacial tissue formation for tissue integrations of PDL fibrous connective tissue bundles (alveolar bone-to-PDL or PDL-to-cementum) for functioning restorations of the periodontal complex.
矿化组织（牙槽骨和牙骨质）是牙周组织的主要组成部分，对于将牙周韧带（PDL）固定在牙根表面起着至关重要的作用。这些整合的多种组织可以对咀嚼或咬合传递的生物力学产生生物或生理反应。然而，由于牙周炎或创伤性损伤，牙周硬组织（包括 PDL）的破坏或进行性损伤会受到影响，从而导致牙齿脱落。已经开发了传统的组织工程方法来再生或修复牙周组织，但是，工程化的牙周组织形成仍然具有挑战性，因为仍然存在限制，无法控制单个组织的空间分区，并为支持牙齿的组织再生和成熟提供最佳的 3D 结构。在这里，我们介绍了最近开发的通过制造 3D 架构或对生物聚合物材料进行化学修饰来诱导成骨和成牙骨质的策略。这些技术在牙齿支持的硬组织工程中极具前景，可以促进牙周再生，并促进界面组织形成，将 PDL 纤维状结缔组织束（牙槽骨-PDL 或 PDL-牙骨质）整合在一起，以实现牙周复合体的功能修复。
