Zhang Xingxing, Pellegrino Filippo, Shen Jingchun, Copertaro Benedetta, Huang Pei, Kumar Saini Puneet, Lovati Marco
Department of Energy and Community Building, Dalarna University, Falun SE79188, Sweden.
Appl Energy. 2020 Dec 15;280:115954. doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.115954. Epub 2020 Oct 19.
The COVID-19 outbreak is exacerbating uncertainty in energy demand. This paper aims to investigate the impact of the confined measures due to COVID-19 outbreak on energy demand of a building mix in a district. Three levels of confinement for occupant schedules are proposed based on a new district design in Sweden. The Urban Modeling Interface tool is applied to simulate the energy performance of the building mix. The boundary conditions and input parameters are set up according to the Swedish building standards and statistics. The district is at early-design stage, which includes a mix of building functions, i.e. residential buildings, offices, schools and retail shops. By comparing with the base case (normal life without confinement measures), the average delivered electricity demand of the entire district increases in a range of 14.3% to 18.7% under the three confinement scenarios. However, the mean system energy demands (sum of heating, cooling, and domestic hot water) decreases in a range of 7.1% to 12.0%. These two variation nearly cancel each other out, leaving the total energy demand almost unaffected. The result also shows that the delivered electricity demands in all cases have a relatively smooth variation across a year, while the system energy demands follow the principle trends for all the cases, which have peak demands in winter and much lower demands in transit seasons and summer. This study represents a first step in the understanding of the energy performance for community buildings when they confront with this kind of shock.
新冠疫情的爆发加剧了能源需求的不确定性。本文旨在研究因新冠疫情爆发而实施的限制措施对某一区域内建筑组合能源需求的影响。基于瑞典一个新城区的设计，提出了三种居住人员活动安排的限制级别。运用城市建模接口工具对该建筑组合的能源性能进行模拟。根据瑞典建筑标准和统计数据设置边界条件及输入参数。该区域处于初步设计阶段，包含多种建筑功能，即住宅、办公室、学校和零售店。与基准案例（无限制措施的正常生活）相比，在三种限制情景下，整个区域的平均供电需求增长幅度在14.3%至18.7%之间。然而，系统平均能源需求（供暖、制冷和生活热水需求之和）下降幅度在7.1%至12.0%之间。这两种变化几乎相互抵消，使总能源需求几乎未受影响。结果还表明，所有情况下的供电需求在一年中变化相对平稳，而系统能源需求在所有情况下都遵循主要趋势，冬季需求高峰，过渡季节和夏季需求则低得多。本研究是理解社区建筑在面对此类冲击时能源性能的第一步。
