Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA.
Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA.
Virchows Arch. 2021 Jan;478(1):81-88. doi: 10.1007/s00428-020-02943-0. Epub 2020 Oct 27.
The use of electronic nicotine delivery systems has increased in popularity dramatically over the past decade. Although lung diseases caused by vaping have been reported since the modern invention of the electronic cigarette, in the summer of 2019, patients began to present to health care centers at epidemic levels with an acute respiratory illness relating to vaping, which the Center for Disease Control termed E-cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury (EVALI). This review discusses electronic nicotine delivery systems as well as the etiology, clinical presentation, imaging findings, pathologic features, treatment, and long-term consequences of EVALI. We conclude with the practical impact EVALI has had on the practice of pathology.
在过去的十年中,电子尼古丁输送系统的使用普及率显著提高。尽管自电子烟问世以来,就有报道称与蒸气吸入有关的肺部疾病,但在 2019 年夏天,患有与蒸气吸入有关的急性呼吸道疾病的患者开始以流行疾病的水平向医疗中心就诊,疾病控制中心将其命名为电子烟或蒸气吸入产品使用相关的肺损伤(EVALI)。本文综述了电子尼古丁输送系统以及 EVALI 的病因、临床表现、影像学表现、病理特征、治疗和长期后果。最后,我们总结了 EVALI 对病理实践的实际影响。