Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, 530 Church Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, 3535 Market Street, Suite 3032, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
Eat Weight Disord. 2021 Aug;26(6):2043-2049. doi: 10.1007/s40519-020-01055-7. Epub 2020 Oct 31.
Previous studies have demonstrated overlapping behavioral features between substance-use disorders and food addiction, the latter of which is particularly prevalent among individuals with overweight or obesity. However, the unique attributes of food addiction as a possible phenotype within overweight and obesity are not fully understood.
This cross-sectional study recruited participants (n = 46) with overweight or obesity, nearly half (n = 20) of whom met the criteria for food addiction based on the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 (YFAS 2.0) and examined responses to self-report questionnaires that indexed behavioral characteristics relevant to addictive disorders.
Individuals with food addiction exhibited significantly higher scores on the Palatable Eating Motives Scale overall score (p < .001) and subscales for coping (p < .001) and enhancement (p < .001) of emotions, Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire Emotional Eating subscale (p < .001), UPPS-P Impulsivity Scale negative urgency (p < .001) and lack of perseverance (p = .01) subscales, and the Food Craving Inventory overall score (p = .02) and subscales of cravings for sweets (p < .01) and fast food fats (p = .02).
Food addiction appears to represent a distinct phenotype within overweight and obesity, marked by greater emotion dysregulation, impulsivity, and cravings, which have been observed in prior studies examining features of individuals with addictive disorders.
Level III: Evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case-control analytic studies.
先前的研究表明，物质使用障碍和食物成瘾之间存在重叠的行为特征，后者在超重或肥胖人群中尤为普遍。然而，食物成瘾作为超重和肥胖人群中一种可能的表型的独特属性尚未得到充分理解。
本横断面研究招募了超重或肥胖的参与者（n=46），其中近一半（n=20）符合耶鲁食物成瘾量表 2.0（YFAS 2.0）的标准，研究了对与成瘾障碍相关的行为特征进行自我报告问卷的反应。
在总体得分（p<.001）和应对（p<.001）和情绪增强（p<.001）子量表、荷兰饮食行为问卷情绪性饮食子量表（p<.001）、UPPS-P 冲动性量表负性冲动（p<.001）和缺乏毅力（p=.01）子量表以及食物渴望量表总体得分（p=.02）和对甜食（p<.01）和快餐脂肪（p=.02）的渴望子量表方面，食物成瘾者的得分显著更高。
食物成瘾似乎代表了超重和肥胖人群中的一种独特表型，其特点是情绪调节障碍、冲动性和渴望程度更高，这些特征在先前研究中观察到了具有成瘾特征的个体。
三级：来自精心设计的队列或病例对照分析研究的证据。
