Sharma Pravesh, Ebbert Jon O, Rosedahl Jordan K, Philpot Lindsey M
Department of Psychiatry, Mayo Clinic Health System, Eau Claire, WI, USA.
Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
SAGE Open Med. 2020 Oct 14;8:2050312120965321. doi: 10.1177/2050312120965321. eCollection 2020.
News articles, commentaries, and opinion articles have suggested that ongoing social distancing measures coupled with economic challenges during COVID-19 may worsen stress, affective state, and substance use across the globe. We sought to advance our understanding of the differences between individuals who change their substance use patterns during a public health crisis and those who do not.
Cross-sectional survey of young adults (18-25 years of age) assessing respondent characteristics and vaping, tobacco, alcohol, and/or marijuana use. We calculated prevalence estimates, prevalence changes, and prevalence ratios with associated 95% confidence intervals and looked for differences with the chi-square test.
Of the total sample, 53.2% ( = 542/1018) young adults reported vaping or using tobacco, alcohol, and/or marijuana. Among the 542 respondents reporting use, 34.3% reported a change in their use patterns. Among respondents reporting changes in substance use patterns during the pandemic ( = 186), 68.8% reported an increase in alcohol use, 44.0% reported a decrease in vaping product use, and 47.3% reported a decrease in tobacco product use due to COVID-19. Substance use changed significantly for respondents with increasing degree of loneliness (continuous loneliness score: prevalence ratio = 1.12, 95% confidence interval = 1.01-1.25), anxiety (prevalence ratio = 1.45, 95% confidence interval = 1.14-1.85), and depression (prevalence ratio = 1.44, 95% confidence interval = 1.13-1.82).
Self-reported substance use among young adults was observed to change during a pandemic, and the degree of loneliness appears to impact these changes. Innovative strategies are needed to address loneliness, anxiety, depression, and substance use during global health crises that impact social contact.
新闻报道、评论文章和观点文章表明，在新冠疫情期间持续的社交距离措施加上经济挑战，可能会加剧全球范围内的压力、情绪状态和物质使用问题。我们试图加深对在公共卫生危机期间改变物质使用模式的个体与未改变者之间差异的理解。
对年轻人（18至25岁）进行横断面调查，评估受访者特征以及电子烟、烟草、酒精和/或大麻的使用情况。我们计算了患病率估计值、患病率变化和患病率比值以及相关的95%置信区间，并通过卡方检验寻找差异。
在总样本中，53.2%（n = 542/1018）的年轻人报告使用电子烟或烟草、酒精和/或大麻。在报告使用的542名受访者中，34.3%报告其使用模式发生了变化。在报告疫情期间物质使用模式发生变化的受访者中（n = 186），68.8%报告酒精使用增加，44.0%报告电子烟产品使用减少，47.3%报告由于新冠疫情烟草产品使用减少。孤独感程度增加（连续孤独得分：患病率比值 = 1.12，95%置信区间 = 1.01 - 1.25）、焦虑（患病率比值 = 1.45，95%置信区间 = 1.14 - 1.85）和抑郁（患病率比值 = 1.44，95%置信区间 = 1.13 - 1.82）的受访者的物质使用有显著变化。
观察到年轻人在疫情期间自我报告的物质使用情况发生了变化，孤独感程度似乎会影响这些变化。在影响社交接触的全球健康危机期间，需要创新策略来应对孤独、焦虑、抑郁和物质使用问题。
