Vaccaro P, Mahon A
Exercise Science Laboratory, University of Maryland, College Park.
Sports Med. 1987 Sep-Oct;4(5):352-63. doi: 10.2165/00007256-198704050-00003.
With increasing involvement of young children in competitive sports there have been many studies on the cardiorespiratory response of children to endurance training. There were many methodological and design restrictions which limited the depth of studies in this area and made comparisons across studies difficult. Sufficient experimental progress has been made to draw the following conclusions. Trained children exhibit higher VO2max values than do untrained children. These differences are present irrespective of the ages of the children but are more pronounced in many cases in older children. Exercise programmes which are of sufficient intensity, frequency and duration lead to improvements in cardiorespiratory capacity. The minimum and optimum levels for intensity, frequency and duration have not yet been identified. The majority of the current literature assumes that children respond to endurance training in a manner similar to that of adults. This point needs further verification. The age or maturity level during which exercise training exerts its greatest effect on the cardiorespiratory system has not been clearly identified.
随着幼儿越来越多地参与竞技体育，已经有许多关于儿童对耐力训练的心肺反应的研究。存在许多方法和设计上的限制，这限制了该领域研究的深度，并使得跨研究比较变得困难。已经取得了足够的实验进展，可以得出以下结论。受过训练的儿童比未受过训练的儿童表现出更高的最大摄氧量值。无论儿童年龄如何，这些差异都存在，但在许多情况下，年龄较大的儿童差异更为明显。强度、频率和持续时间足够的运动计划会导致心肺功能的改善。强度、频率和持续时间的最低和最佳水平尚未确定。当前大多数文献都认为儿童对耐力训练的反应方式与成年人相似。这一点需要进一步验证。运动训练对心肺系统产生最大影响的年龄或成熟水平尚未明确确定。
