Department of Communication, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
J Genet Couns. 2021 Jun;30(3):911-918. doi: 10.1002/jgc4.1351. Epub 2020 Nov 3.
Cancer-related genetic testing (hereafter CGT) has transformed cancer prevention, treatment, and care. Researchers debate whether diffusion and use of genetic testing will reduce or widen cancer health disparities through effects on improving or worsening cancer-related mortality, morbidity, and outcomes that disproportionately affect racial and ethnic minority populations. Cancer disparities by race and ethnicity have been associated with social determinants of health and healthcare access and experience. However, little research has explored how communication about CGT may contribute to these disparities. As such, the goal of this study was to characterize the literature published between 2010 and 2017 on communication about CGT among Latinx populations through a secondary analysis of papers identified in a larger scoping review. We found thirteen (2.5%) of 513 papers in the parent scoping review had over 50% Latinx representation; only nine of these (69%) had fully Latinx comprised study cohorts. The majority of the 13 identified studies (n = 9) were conducted to assess knowledge and attitudes regarding CGT. Most studies included services or materials in both Spanish and English. Few studies assessed language preference or acculturation or compared outcomes across sub-ethnicities. We identified opportunities for researchers to explore differences in outcomes by language preference and acculturation, and between sub-ethnicities in future studies. Leveraging a greater understanding of the heterogeneity within the Latinx population will allow genetics researchers and providers to improve utilization of CGT and therein health outcomes to advance health equity.
癌症相关基因检测(以下简称 CGT)改变了癌症的预防、治疗和护理方式。研究人员就基因检测的普及和应用是否会通过改善或恶化癌症死亡率、发病率和结局(这些因素对影响种族和族裔少数群体的健康差异有较大影响)来减少或扩大癌症健康差异展开了辩论。癌症的种族和族裔差异与健康的社会决定因素以及医疗保健的可及性和体验有关。然而,很少有研究探讨关于 CGT 的沟通如何促成这些差异。因此,本研究的目的是通过对更大范围综述中确定的论文进行二次分析,描述 2010 年至 2017 年间发表的关于拉丁裔人群中 CGT 沟通的文献。我们发现,在母项范围综述中 513 篇论文中有 13 篇(2.5%)拉丁裔代表性超过 50%;其中只有 9 篇(69%)完全由拉丁裔组成了研究队列。在确定的 13 项研究中(n=9),大多数研究是为了评估对 CGT 的知识和态度。大多数研究在西班牙语和英语中都提供了服务或材料。很少有研究评估语言偏好或文化适应,或比较亚种族之间的结果。我们确定了研究人员在未来研究中探索语言偏好和文化适应以及亚种族之间结果差异的机会。利用对拉丁裔人群内部异质性的更深入了解,遗传学家和提供者将能够更好地利用 CGT,改善健康结果,促进健康公平。