Yankelev Dimitry, Avinadav Chen, Davidson Nir, Firstenberg Ofer
Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
Rafael Ltd., Haifa 3102102, Israel.
Sci Adv. 2020 Nov 4;6(45). doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abd0650. Print 2020 Nov.
The periodicity inherent to any interferometric signal entails a fundamental trade-off between sensitivity and dynamic range of interferometry-based sensors. Here, we develop a methodology for substantially extending the dynamic range of such sensors without compromising their sensitivity, stability, and bandwidth. The scheme is based on simultaneous operation of two nearly identical interferometers, providing a moiré-like period much larger than 2π and benefiting from close-to-maximal sensitivity and from suppression of common-mode noise. The methodology is highly suited to atom interferometers, which offer record sensitivities in measuring gravito-inertial forces but suffer from limited dynamic range. We experimentally demonstrate an atom interferometer with a dynamic-range enhancement of more than an order of magnitude in a single shot and more than three orders of magnitude within a few shots for both static and dynamic signals. This approach can considerably improve the operation of interferometric sensors in challenging, uncertain, or rapidly varying conditions.
任何干涉信号所固有的周期性，使得基于干涉测量的传感器在灵敏度和动态范围之间存在着根本的权衡。在此，我们开发了一种方法，可在不损害此类传感器的灵敏度、稳定性和带宽的前提下，大幅扩展其动态范围。该方案基于两个几乎相同的干涉仪同时运行，可提供远大于2π的类似莫尔条纹的周期，并受益于接近最大的灵敏度以及共模噪声抑制。该方法非常适合原子干涉仪，原子干涉仪在测量引力惯性力方面具有创纪录的灵敏度，但动态范围有限。我们通过实验证明，对于静态和动态信号，原子干涉仪单次测量的动态范围增强超过一个数量级，在几次测量内超过三个数量级。这种方法可显著改善干涉测量传感器在具有挑战性、不确定或快速变化条件下的运行情况。
