Ornon Gregory, Ziltener Jean-Luc, Fritschy Daniel, Menetrey Jacques
Centre de Médecine du Sport et de l'Exercice (CMSE), Swiss Olympic Medical Center, Hirslanden Clinique La Colline Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique, Hopital de La Tour, Meyrin, Switzerland.
J Exp Orthop. 2020 Nov 6;7(1):87. doi: 10.1186/s40634-020-00300-3.
Ice hockey injuries epidemiology is still poorly understood and very few studies are focused on it, especially about professional players.
Our prospective study collected all injuries occurring on ice during practice and games over 7 years (2006-2013) in a professional hockey team playing in the 1st division championship in Switzerland.
During the 7 seasons, we recorded a total of 525 injuries and 190 injuries with time loss (TL). Mean injuries incidence was 5.93 (95% CI 5.28 to 6.27) injuries/1000 h/player and with time loss 2.14 (95% CI 1.79 to 2.39) injuries/1000 h/player. The lower limb was the most affected part of the body, with a total of 40.4% of all injuries, mostly knee Medial Collateral Ligament tear and muscle adductors/abdominal sprain. For the upper limb, shoulder was the most affected joint with mostly acromioclavicular sprain and shoulder dislocation. Forwards had a significant (p < 0.05) higher risk than defensemen for knee Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) tear. There was no significant difference in the concussion risk between forwards and defensemen, but defensemen had a significant higher risk (p < 0.05) to have a more severe concussion.
This study provides a better understanding about professional ice hockey epidemiology, which is still insufficiently researched and understood. We also found some significant risk factors, being a forward for knee MCL tear, being a defensemen for concussion severity. Concussion program prevention seems to be effective but it is crucial to continue the follow up of concussion on long term and expand the surveillance system to all the League.
冰球运动损伤的流行病学仍未得到充分了解，针对这方面的研究非常少，尤其是关于职业球员的研究。
我们的前瞻性研究收集了一支参加瑞士甲级联赛的职业曲棍球队在7年（2006 - 2013年）的训练和比赛期间在冰面上发生的所有损伤情况。
在这7个赛季中，我们共记录了525例损伤，其中190例导致了误工（TL）。平均损伤发生率为5.93（95%置信区间5.28至6.27）例损伤/1000小时/球员，误工损伤发生率为2.14（95%置信区间1.79至2.39）例损伤/1000小时/球员。下肢是身体受影响最严重的部位，占所有损伤的40.4%，主要是膝关节内侧副韧带撕裂和内收肌/腹部肌肉拉伤。在上肢，肩部是受影响最严重的关节，主要是肩锁关节扭伤和肩关节脱位。前锋发生膝关节内侧副韧带（MCL）撕裂的风险显著高于后卫（p < 0.05）。前锋和后卫在脑震荡风险上没有显著差异，但后卫发生更严重脑震荡的风险显著更高（p < 0.05）。
本研究对职业冰球运动的流行病学有了更好的理解，而这方面的研究仍不充分。我们还发现了一些显著的风险因素，即前锋易发生膝关节MCL撕裂，后卫易发生更严重的脑震荡。脑震荡预防计划似乎是有效的，但长期持续跟踪脑震荡情况并将监测系统扩展到整个联赛至关重要。
