Shen Xinkun, Hu Wenjia, Ping Linchao, Liu Chongxing, Yao Lili, Deng Zhennan, Wu Gang
School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Department of Oral Implantology and Prosthetic Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam Movement Science, University of Amsterdam and Vrije University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherland.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2020 Oct 8;8:573464. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.573464. eCollection 2020.
Antibacterial and osteogenic functionalization of titanium (Ti) implants will greatly expand their clinical indications in immediate implant therapy, accelerate osteointegration, and enhance long-term prognosis. We had recently shown that the high-energy shot peening (HESP)-assisted micro-arc oxidation (MAO) significantly improved the bioactivity and coating stability of Ti-based substrates. In this study, we further functionalized Ti with antibacterial and osteogenic properties by doping silicon (Si) and/or copper (Cu) ions into HESP/MAO-treated coatings. Physicochemical characterization displayed that the doping of Si and Cu in HESP/MAO-treated coatings (Si/Cu-MAO) did not significantly change their surface topography, roughness, crystal structure, coating thickness, bonding strength, and wettability. The results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed that Si and Cu in the Si/Cu-MAO coating was in the form of silicate radical (SiO ) and bivalent copper (Cu), respectively. The total amounts of Si and Cu were about 13.5 and 5.8 μg/cm, which released about 33.2 and 31.3% within 14 day, respectively. Compared with the control group (MAO), Si doping samples (MAO-Si) significantly increased the cell viability, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization and osteogenic genes (ALP, collagen I and osteocalcin) expression of MC3T3-E1 cells. Furthermore, the addition of Cu presented good bactericidal property against both and (even under the co-culture condition of bacteria and MC3T3-E1 cells): the bacteriostatic rate of both bacteria was over 95%. In conclusion, the novel bioactive Si/Cu-MAO coating with antibacterial and osteogenic properties is a promising functionalization method for orthopedic and dental implants, especially in the immediate implant treatment with an infected socket.
钛（Ti）植入物的抗菌和成骨功能化将极大地扩展其在即刻种植治疗中的临床应用范围，加速骨整合，并改善长期预后。我们最近表明，高能喷丸强化（HESP）辅助微弧氧化（MAO）可显著提高钛基基底的生物活性和涂层稳定性。在本研究中，我们通过将硅（Si）和/或铜（Cu）离子掺杂到HESP/MAO处理的涂层中，进一步赋予钛抗菌和成骨性能。物理化学表征显示，在HESP/MAO处理的涂层（Si/Cu-MAO）中掺杂Si和Cu不会显著改变其表面形貌、粗糙度、晶体结构、涂层厚度、结合强度和润湿性。X射线光电子能谱（XPS）结果表明，Si/Cu-MAO涂层中的Si和Cu分别以硅酸根（SiO ）和二价铜（Cu）的形式存在。Si和Cu的总量分别约为13.5和5.8 μg/cm，在14天内分别释放约33.2%和31.3%。与对照组（MAO）相比，掺杂Si的样品（MAO-Si）显著提高了MC3T3-E1细胞的细胞活力、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性、矿化能力和成骨基因（ALP、I型胶原蛋白和骨钙素）的表达。此外，添加Cu对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌均具有良好的杀菌性能（即使在细菌与MC3T3-E1细胞共培养条件下）：两种细菌的抑菌率均超过95%。总之，具有抗菌和成骨性能的新型生物活性Si/Cu-MAO涂层是一种有前景的用于骨科和牙科植入物的功能化方法，尤其适用于感染牙槽窝的即刻种植治疗。
