Biskas Marios, Sirois Fuschia M, Webb Thomas L
Department of Psychology, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
Br J Soc Psychol. 2022 Oct;61(4):1160-1182. doi: 10.1111/bjso.12531. Epub 2022 Mar 9.
Responding with self-compassion to lapses in goal pursuit helps people to achieve their goals, yet evidence suggests that some people struggle to respond with self-compassion. The current research proposes that social cognition models such the Theory of Planned Behaviour and the Prototype Willingness Model could explain why some people, such as those high in perfectionistic concerns, struggle to respond with self-compassion. We therefore conducted a pre-registered prospective study that measured participants' beliefs about self-compassion, difficulties enacting self-compassionate responding, perfectionistic concerns, and then tested their ability to be self-compassionate in response to a recalled and future lapse. The results showed that participants were less likely to respond with self-compassion to lapses if they held negative beliefs about self-compassion and experienced difficulties enacting self-compassion. Participants high in perfectionistic concerns were more likely to have negative beliefs about self-compassion and experience difficulties enacting self-compassion. Together, these findings provide evidence that social cognition models can be used to understand self-compassionate responding and identify why some people struggle to respond with self-compassion to goal lapses.
以自我同情的方式应对目标追求过程中的失误有助于人们实现目标，但有证据表明，有些人难以以自我同情的方式做出回应。当前的研究提出，诸如计划行为理论和原型意愿模型等社会认知模型可以解释为什么有些人，比如那些完美主义倾向较高的人，难以以自我同情的方式做出回应。因此，我们进行了一项预先注册的前瞻性研究，测量了参与者对自我同情的信念、实施自我同情回应的困难、完美主义倾向，然后测试了他们在回忆和未来失误时表现出自我同情的能力。结果表明，如果参与者对自我同情持有负面信念且在实施自我同情方面遇到困难，他们就不太可能以自我同情的方式应对失误。完美主义倾向较高的参与者更有可能对自我同情持有负面信念，并在实施自我同情方面遇到困难。这些发现共同提供了证据，表明社会认知模型可用于理解自我同情回应，并确定为什么有些人难以以自我同情的方式应对目标失误。
