Nazarov P A, Baleev D N, Ivanova M I, Sokolova L M, Karakozova M V
Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia.
Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow region, 141701 Russia.
Acta Naturae. 2020 Jul-Sep;12(3):46-59. doi: 10.32607/actanaturae.11026.
In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of diseases caused by bacterial, fungal, and viral infections. Infections affect plants at different stages of agricultural production. Depending on weather conditions and the phytosanitary condition of crops, the prevalence of diseases can reach 70-80% of the total plant population, and the yield can decrease in some cases down to 80-98%. Plants have innate cellular immunity, but specific phytopathogens have an ability to evade that immunity. This article examined phytopathogens of viral, fungal, and bacterial nature and explored the concepts of modern plant protection, methods of chemical, biological, and agrotechnical control, as well as modern methods used for identifying phytopathogens.
近年来，由细菌、真菌和病毒感染引起的疾病数量有所增加。感染在农业生产的不同阶段影响植物。根据天气条件和作物的植物检疫状况，病害发生率可达植物总数的70%-80%，在某些情况下产量可降至80%-98%。植物具有先天性细胞免疫，但特定的植物病原体有能力逃避这种免疫。本文研究了病毒、真菌和细菌性质的植物病原体，并探讨了现代植物保护的概念、化学、生物和农业技术防治方法，以及用于鉴定植物病原体的现代方法。
