Park Dahye, Ha Jeongmin
Department of Nursing, Semyung University, Jecheon, Republic of Korea.
Department of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2020 Nov 4;13:2469-2482. doi: 10.2147/RMHP.S269230. eCollection 2020.
In recent years, the world has been under threat of novel infectious diseases such as Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Governmental risk communication plays a key role in overcoming the public health crises caused by the emergence of these infectious diseases. The purpose of this study was to identify the focus of Korean public service advertisements (PSAs) in response to the MERS and COVID-19 outbreaks, along with the differences between them.
A total of five MERS and 17 COVID-19 TV PSAs were analyzed using Lasswell's Sender, Message, Channel, Receiver, and Effect model and the responses of the Korean government were compared between the MERS and COVID-19 outbreaks.
During the MERS outbreak, the Korean government failed to gain the public's trust through its PSAs. Despite its best efforts, it provided opaque and selective information on the crisis. Conversely, in the case of COVID-19, the Korean government has successfully worked to strengthen community awareness by supporting and encouraging the public.
Despite the Korean government's improved communication in the COVID-19 crisis, there has been an insufficient response to the needs of vulnerable groups that could be placed in at-risk situations as a result of domestic violence or mental health problems during outbreaks of novel infectious diseases that require aggressive management.
近年来，世界一直受到中东呼吸综合征（MERS）和2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）等新型传染病的威胁。政府的风险沟通在克服这些传染病出现所引发的公共卫生危机中起着关键作用。本研究的目的是确定韩国应对MERS和COVID-19疫情的公共服务广告（PSA）的重点，以及它们之间的差异。
使用拉斯韦尔的传播者、信息、渠道、受众和效果模型，对总共5条MERS相关和17条COVID-19相关的电视PSA进行了分析，并比较了韩国政府在MERS和COVID-19疫情期间的应对措施。
在MERS疫情期间，韩国政府未能通过其PSA赢得公众信任。尽管尽了最大努力，但它提供的关于危机的信息不透明且具有选择性。相反，在COVID-19疫情中，韩国政府通过支持和鼓励公众，成功地提高了社区意识。
尽管韩国政府在COVID-19危机中的沟通有所改善，但对于弱势群体的需求仍应对不足，这些弱势群体可能因新型传染病爆发期间的家庭暴力或心理健康问题而处于危险境地，而这些传染病需要积极管理。
