Li Qinghong, Pan Yuanlong
Nestlé Purina Research, St. Louis, MO, United States.
Front Microbiol. 2020 Oct 16;11:591462. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.591462. eCollection 2020.
More than 60% of domestic cats in the United States are either overweight or obese (OW). High-protein low-carbohydrate (HPLC) diets have been recommended for weight management for humans and pets. Gut microbes can influence the host's health and metabolism. Less is known about feline gut microbiomes compared to other species. Thirty-nine lean (LN) and OW domestic short-haired cats (median age, 7.2 years) with median body fat of 15.8 and 32.5%, respectively, were enrolled in a two-phase study. All cats were fed the control diet (CON) with 32.4% protein and 32.3% carbohydrate for 8 weeks followed by another 8 weeks of intervention where half of the cats continued the CON diet while the other half were switched to a HPLC diet with 51.4% protein and 11.6% carbohydrate. The goal was to understand how the HPLC diet influenced gut microbiota in obese vs. lean cats. The 16S rRNA gene profiling study revealed a significant impact on gut microbiome by dietary protein and carbohydrate ratio. The effect was more pronounced in OW cats than LN cats. While no microbial taxon was different between groups in LN cats, compositional changes occurred at different taxonomical ranks in OW cats. At the phylum level, became more abundant in HPLC-fed cats than in CON-fed cats. At the genus level, five short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) producers had altered compositions in response to the diets: and are more abundant in HPLC-fed cats while the abundances of , , and increased in CON-fed cats. Predicted microbial gene networks showed changes in energy metabolism and one-carbon metabolism pathways. Our study demonstrated differential responses to HPLC diet between obese vs. lean cats and opportunities to explore these SCFA-producers for weight management in cats.
在美国，超过60%的家猫超重或肥胖（OW）。高蛋白低碳水化合物（HPLC）饮食已被推荐用于人类和宠物的体重管理。肠道微生物可影响宿主的健康和新陈代谢。与其他物种相比，人们对猫肠道微生物群的了解较少。39只瘦（LN）猫和超重肥胖的家猫（中位年龄7.2岁）被纳入一项两阶段研究，它们的中位体脂分别为15.8%和32.5%。所有猫先喂食8周含32.4%蛋白质和32.3%碳水化合物的对照饮食（CON），随后进行另外8周的干预，其中一半的猫继续喂食CON饮食，而另一半则换成含51.4%蛋白质和11.6%碳水化合物的HPLC饮食。目的是了解HPLC饮食如何影响肥胖猫与瘦猫的肠道微生物群。16S rRNA基因谱分析研究表明，饮食中蛋白质和碳水化合物比例对肠道微生物群有显著影响。这种影响在超重肥胖猫中比在瘦猫中更明显。虽然瘦猫组之间没有微生物分类群差异，但超重肥胖猫在不同分类等级上发生了组成变化。在门水平上，HPLC喂养的猫比CON喂养的猫中 变得更丰富。在属水平上，5种短链脂肪酸（SCFA）产生菌的组成因饮食而改变：HPLC喂养的猫中 和 更丰富，而CON喂养的猫中 、 和 的丰度增加。预测的微生物基因网络显示能量代谢和一碳代谢途径发生了变化。我们的研究表明肥胖猫与瘦猫对HPLC饮食有不同反应，并有机会探索这些SCFA产生菌用于猫的体重管理。
