National Institute of Virology, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, (PCMD) International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.
Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (PCSIR) Laboratories Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.
Food Environ Virol. 2021 Mar;13(1):44-52. doi: 10.1007/s12560-020-09448-8. Epub 2020 Nov 12.
Drinking water supplies in the developing world often serve as a biosphere for various organisms. Viral gastroenteritis is a neglected area of research in Pakistan, there are no data for the prevalence of enteric viruses in drinking water of the largest city of Karachi. The present study aimed to provide a survey of the existence of enteric viruses: human adenovirus (HAdV), human enteroviruses (hEV), and genotype A rotavirus (GARV) in tap water. Using a simple PCR approach, we detected 20%, 43%, and 23% of HAdV, hEV, and GARV in tap water samples, respectively. We have also shown an overall quality deficit of tap water at the pumping station and consumer tap. We have found no sample free from bacterial contaminations. The ranges for a total number of the heterotrophic plate count and coliform were found 8.7 × 10-4.5 × 10 CFU/mL and 210 to uncountable coliforms/100 mL, respectively. Moreover, we assessed the efficiency of small-scale water treatment methods for the removal of viruses.
发展中国家的饮用水供应常常成为各种生物的栖息地。在巴基斯坦，病毒性肠胃炎是一个被忽视的研究领域，卡拉奇这个最大城市的饮用水中的肠道病毒流行情况尚无数据。本研究旨在调查肠道病毒（人腺病毒 [HAdV]、人肠道病毒 [hEV] 和基因型 A 轮状病毒 [GARV]）在自来水中的存在情况。使用简单的 PCR 方法，我们分别检测到自来水中 HAdV、hEV 和 GARV 的存在率为 20%、43%和 23%。我们还表明，在泵站和消费者水龙头处的自来水整体质量存在缺陷。我们没有发现没有细菌污染的样本。总异养平板计数和大肠菌群的范围分别为 8.7×10-4.5×10 CFU/mL 和 210 至不可计数的大肠菌群/100 mL。此外，我们评估了小型水处理方法对病毒去除的效率。
