AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160 Derio, Spain.
Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, CIBERDEM/CIBERER, UPV/EHU, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain.
Nutrients. 2020 Nov 10;12(11):3446. doi: 10.3390/nu12113446.
Obesity is a chronic metabolic disease of high complexity and of multifactorial origin. Understanding the effects of nutrition on childhood obesity metabolism remains a challenge. The aim of this study was to determine the fatty acid (FA) profile of red blood cell (RBC) membranes as a comprehensive biomarker of children's obesity metabolism, together with the evaluation of their dietary intake. An observational study was carried out on 209 children (107 healthy controls, 41 who were overweight and 61 with obesity) between 6 and 16 years of age. Mature RBC membrane phospholipids were analyzed for FA composition by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Dietary habits were evaluated using validated food frequency questionnaires (FFQ) and the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index for children (KIDMED) test. Compared to children with normal weight, children with obesity showed an inflammatory profile in mature RBC FAs, evidenced by higher levels of ω-6 polyunsaturated FAs (mainly arachidonic acid, < 0.001). Children who were overweight or obese presented lower levels of monounsaturated FA (MUFA) compared to children with normal weight ( = 0.001 and = 0.03, respectively), resulting in an increased saturated fatty acid (SFA)/MUFA ratio. A lower intake of nuts was observed for children with obesity. A comprehensive membrane lipidomic profile approach in children with obesity will contribute to a better understanding of the metabolic differences present in these individuals.
肥胖是一种高度复杂的慢性代谢性疾病，具有多因素的起源。了解营养对儿童肥胖代谢的影响仍然是一个挑战。本研究旨在确定红细胞（RBC）膜的脂肪酸（FA）谱作为儿童肥胖代谢的综合生物标志物，同时评估其饮食摄入。在 6 至 16 岁的 209 名儿童（107 名健康对照组，41 名超重组和 61 名肥胖组）中进行了一项观察性研究。通过气相色谱-质谱法（GC-MS）分析成熟 RBC 膜磷脂的 FA 组成。使用经过验证的食物频率问卷（FFQ）和儿童地中海饮食质量指数（KIDMED）测试评估饮食习惯。与体重正常的儿童相比，肥胖儿童在成熟 RBC FA 中表现出炎症特征，表现为 ω-6 多不饱和脂肪酸（主要是花生四烯酸，<0.001）水平较高。超重或肥胖的儿童与体重正常的儿童相比，单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）水平较低（分别为 = 0.001 和 = 0.03），导致饱和脂肪酸（SFA）/MUFA 比值增加。肥胖儿童的坚果摄入量较低。对肥胖儿童进行全面的膜脂组学分析方法将有助于更好地了解这些个体中存在的代谢差异。
