Center for Cardiovascular Research, The Heart Center, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2021 Feb 1;320(2):H584-H592. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00634.2020. Epub 2020 Nov 13.
Under normal conditions, coronary blood flow (CBF) provides critical blood supply to the myocardium so that it can appropriately meet the metabolic demands of the body. Dogmatically, there exist several known regulators and modulators of CBF that include local metabolites and neurohormonal factors that can influence the function of the coronary circulation. In disease states such as diabetes and myocardial ischemia, these regulators are impaired or shifted such that CBF is reduced. Although functional considerations have been and continued to be well studied, more recent evidence builds upon established studies that collectively suggest that the relative roles of coronary structure, biomechanics, and the influence of cardiac biomechanics via extravascular compression may also play a significant role in dictating CBF. In this mini review, we discuss these regulators of CBF under normal and pathophysiological conditions and their potential influence on the control of CBF.
在正常情况下，冠状动脉血流（CBF）为心肌提供关键的血液供应，使其能够适当满足身体的代谢需求。从理论上讲，有几种已知的 CBF 调节剂和调制器，包括局部代谢物和神经激素因素，它们可以影响冠状动脉循环的功能。在糖尿病和心肌缺血等疾病状态下，这些调节剂受到损害或改变，导致 CBF 减少。尽管已经并继续对功能因素进行了很好的研究，但最近的证据建立在已有的研究基础上，这些研究共同表明，冠状动脉结构、生物力学以及心脏生物力学通过血管外压迫对 CBF 的影响也可能在决定 CBF 方面发挥重要作用。在这篇小型综述中，我们讨论了正常和病理生理条件下这些 CBF 调节剂及其对 CBF 控制的潜在影响。
