Department of Clinical and Biological Science, University of Turin, Orbassano (TO), Italy.
Department of Neurosciences "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
BMC Psychiatry. 2020 Nov 18;20(1):542. doi: 10.1186/s12888-020-02946-w.
To explore the relationship between adult Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), antistreptococcal titers, ABGA, and recurrent infections during early childhood.
Childhood history of recurrent infections and a blood sample were collected in a sample of DSM-IV adult outpatients with ADHD. The anti-streptolysin O (ASO), anti-deoxyribonuclease B (anti-DNase B), and anti-basal ganglia antibodies (ABGA) titers were determined in patient plasma by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Titers positivity was evaluated following manufacturer's specifications. Absolute titers were also collected as continuous variables.
Fourteen out of 22 (63.6%) have had recurrent infections in childhood (i.e., seven, 31.8%, have had tonsillitis or adenoiditis and seven, 31.8%, have had any other infections). Eighteen patients (81.9%) were positive for anti-DNase B, five (22.7%) for ASO, and 4 (18.2%) were positive for both of them. Five participants (22.7%) were ABGA positive, whereas only two (9.1%) were positive for all three antibodies.
patients with ADHD might be more prone to infections during childhood and subclinical streptococcal infections during adulthood. Moreover, they seem to have an increased risk for basal ganglia autoimmunity in adulthood. Both infections and the ensuing acquired autoimmunity could influence the neurodevelopmental process, by contributing, at least in part, to the ADHD pathogenesis.
探讨成人注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）与抗链球菌抗体滴度、ABGA、以及儿童早期反复感染之间的关系。
在 DSM-IV 成年 ADHD 门诊患者的样本中，收集了儿童期反复感染史和血样。通过酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）测定患者血浆中的抗链球菌溶血素 O（ASO）、抗脱氧核糖核酸酶 B（anti-DNase B）和抗基底节抗体（ABGA）滴度。根据制造商的说明评估滴度阳性。绝对滴度也作为连续变量收集。
22 名患者中有 14 名（63.6%）在儿童时期有反复感染史（即 7 名，31.8%，有扁桃体炎或腺样体炎，7 名，31.8%，有任何其他感染）。18 名患者（81.9%）抗-DNase B 阳性，5 名（22.7%）ASO 阳性，4 名（18.2%）两者均阳性。5 名参与者（22.7%）ABGA 阳性，而只有 2 名（9.1%）三种抗体均阳性。
ADHD 患者在儿童期可能更容易发生感染和亚临床链球菌感染，成年后基底节自身免疫的风险似乎增加。感染和随之而来的获得性自身免疫可能会影响神经发育过程，至少部分参与 ADHD 的发病机制。
