Department of Nursing, Hoseo University, 20, Hoseo-ro 79beon-gil, Baebang-eup, Asan-si, Chungcheongnam-do, 31499, Republic of Korea.
College of Nursing, Research Institute of Nursing Science, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchabosangro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea.
Qual Life Res. 2021 Apr;30(4):1103-1118. doi: 10.1007/s11136-020-02708-x. Epub 2020 Nov 20.
This study aimed to ascertain the general characteristics of injured patients and use the Andersen Model to identify factors affecting health-related quality of life (QOL) in injured patients with or without activity limitations.
We used data of 1602 injured patients from 2014 to 2017 from the population-based Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, South Korea. QOL was measured using the EQ-5D-3L, and activity limitations were analyzed alongside predisposing factors (gender, age, education level, and marital status), enabling factors (basic living security, health insurance type, private insurance status, household income, and living with family), need factors (number of chronic diseases, subjective health status, and unmet medical needs), and health behaviors (smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and health screening). Data were analyzed using homogeneity testing, t tests, and logistic and multiple regression.
The mean EQ-5D index was 0.8 with activity limitations and 0.9 without activity limitations. In mobility domain, patients without activity limitations showed significant effects of age, education level, number of chronic diseases, subjective health status, and unmet medical needs on mobility, whereas patients with activity limitations only showed a significant effect of age. In self-care domain, age, household income, and number of chronic diseases showed significant factors on patients without activity limitations, but there was no significant factor associated with activity limitations. Among the factors affecting usual activities, gender was found to have a significant effect only on patients with activity limitations, and subjective health status was found to have a significant effect regardless of activity limitations. Among the factors affecting pain/discomfort, living with family only affected pain/discomfort in patients with activity limitations. Among the factors affecting anxiety/depression, gender and alcohol consumption had significant effects only on patients with activity limitations.
Factors affecting the QOL of injured patients differed depending on whether patients had activity limitations. Therefore, when assessing injured patients, it may be necessary to ascertain the extent of activity limitations, and medical institutions and local communities need when implementing education and interventions to improve their QOL.
本研究旨在确定受伤患者的一般特征，并使用安德森模型确定有或无活动受限的受伤患者健康相关生活质量（QOL）的影响因素。
我们使用了韩国 2014 年至 2017 年基于人群的韩国国家健康和营养检查调查的 1602 名受伤患者的数据。使用 EQ-5D-3L 测量 QOL，并分析活动受限以及以下因素：倾向因素（性别、年龄、教育水平和婚姻状况）、实现因素（基本生活保障、健康保险类型、私人保险状况、家庭收入和与家人同住）、需求因素（慢性病数量、主观健康状况和未满足的医疗需求）以及健康行为（吸烟状况、饮酒、身体活动和健康筛查）。使用同质性检验、t 检验、逻辑回归和多元回归分析数据。
EQ-5D 指数平均值为 0.8（有活动受限）和 0.9（无活动受限）。在移动性方面，无活动受限的患者中，年龄、教育水平、慢性病数量、主观健康状况和未满足的医疗需求对移动性有显著影响，而有活动受限的患者仅年龄有显著影响。在自我护理方面，年龄、家庭收入和慢性病数量对无活动受限的患者有显著影响，但与活动受限无关的因素没有显著影响。在影响日常活动的因素中，只有性别对有活动受限的患者有显著影响，而主观健康状况无论是否有活动受限都有显著影响。在影响疼痛/不适的因素中，只有与家人同住对有活动受限的患者有影响。在影响焦虑/抑郁的因素中，性别和饮酒仅对有活动受限的患者有显著影响。
影响受伤患者 QOL 的因素因患者是否有活动受限而异。因此，在评估受伤患者时，可能需要确定活动受限的程度，医疗机构和当地社区在实施教育和干预措施以提高患者 QOL 时也需要考虑到这一点。
