Wamba Brice E N, Mbaveng Armelle T, Tazoho Ghislain M, Kuete Victor
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Cameroon.
Heliyon. 2020 Nov 9;6(11):e05470. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05470. eCollection 2020 Nov.
Linn is a plant used in Cameroon to treat cancer and several other diseases such as urinary tract disorder, fever, stomach-ache and to improve appetite. The methanol extract of has been reported for its antiproliferative activity towards several human cancer cell lines. The aim of this work was to evaluate the acute and subchronic oral toxicities of a methanol extract from fruits on rats. The acute oral toxicity assay was carried out by administration of a single dose of 5000 mg/kg body weight of methanol extract of the to five female rats, after which the behavior of the animals and the number of deaths were noted after 48 h. The animals were then kept for observation for 14 days. On the 15 day, the rats were sacrificed and macroscopic observation of the organs was made. Concerning the subchronic toxicity study, the rats composed of males and females received three doses (250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg body weight/day) for a period of 28 days by oral gavage. General animal behavior, food intake, weight gain, organ weights, haematological parameters, serum, and urinary biochemical parameters, and histological sections of liver and kidneys, were evaluated. Methanol extract from the fruits did not cause any death in rats that were administered a single dose of 5000 mg/kg body weight of extract and therefore, the letal dose 50 (LD50) of the extract is greater than 5000 mg/kg body weight. Subchronic administration of the methanol extract of fruits showed significant variations (P > 0.05) after analysis of certain biochemical parameters: serum urea, urinary urea, alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), aspartate aminotransferase, (ASAT), serum protein; in both male and female rats that received the dose of 1000 mg/kg body weight/day. No major signs of toxicity were observed in the liver and kidneys of animals after analysis of the histological sections performed. Beside, some signs of toxicity were observed, including cell lysis and inflammation on the liver and kidney organs at a dose of 1000 mg/kg body weight/day. Finally, the methanol extract of fruits is safe at lower doses, but could cause some damages at doses as high as 1000 mg/kg body weight/day. Consequently, it should be taken with caution when used in therapy.
Linn是喀麦隆用于治疗癌症以及其他几种疾病的一种植物，这些疾病包括泌尿系统紊乱、发烧、胃痛并能增进食欲。已有报道称其甲醇提取物对几种人类癌细胞系具有抗增殖活性。这项工作的目的是评估Linn果实甲醇提取物对大鼠的急性和亚慢性经口毒性。急性经口毒性试验是通过给五只雌性大鼠单次灌胃给予5000毫克/千克体重的Linn甲醇提取物来进行的，之后在48小时后记录动物的行为和死亡数量。然后将这些动物饲养观察14天。在第15天，处死大鼠并对器官进行宏观观察。关于亚慢性毒性研究，由雄性和雌性大鼠组成的受试组通过灌胃给予三个剂量（250、500和1000毫克/千克体重/天），持续28天。评估了动物的一般行为、食物摄入量、体重增加、器官重量、血液学参数、血清和尿液生化参数，以及肝脏和肾脏的组织切片。给予单次剂量5000毫克/千克体重提取物的大鼠中，Linn果实甲醇提取物未导致任何死亡，因此，该提取物的半数致死剂量（LD50）大于5000毫克/千克体重。在分析某些生化参数（血清尿素、尿尿素、丙氨酸转氨酶（ALAT）、天冬氨酸转氨酶（ASAT）、血清蛋白）后发现，给予1000毫克/千克体重/天剂量的雄性和雌性大鼠经亚慢性给予Linn果实甲醇提取物后出现了显著变化（P＞0.05）。在对所进行的组织切片分析后，未在动物的肝脏和肾脏中观察到主要的毒性迹象。此外，在给予1000毫克/千克体重/天剂量时，观察到了一些毒性迹象，包括肝脏和肾脏器官的细胞溶解和炎症。最后，Linn果实甲醇提取物在较低剂量下是安全的，但在高达1000毫克/千克体重/天的剂量时可能会造成一些损害。因此，在治疗中使用时应谨慎。
