Validity of percentage tissue altered as a screening formula for post laser-assisted keratomileusis ectasia in Indian eyes.

PURPOSE

To calculate a modified percentage tissue altered (mPTA) in post laser-assisted in-situ keratomileusis (LASIK) eyes and to validate its role as an independent factor to evaluate ectasia in the Indian population.

METHODS

A total of 333 consecutive eyes with normal preoperative corneal topography by combined placido and scheimpflug imaging-based topography system (SIRIUS) who underwent LASIK using a microkeratome between 2011 and 2014 at a tertiary level teaching hospital in south India, were retrospectively analyzed. Preoperatively patient's refraction, flap thickness (FT), ablation depth (AD), residual stromal bed (RSB), and thinnest corneal thickness (TCT) were recorded. The formula used was mPTA = (FT + AD)/TCT. mPTA was grouped into <0.4 (low risk), 0.40 - 0.45 (moderate risk), and >0.45 (high risk). All patients were called for follow-up and underwent a topography to look for ectasia.

RESULTS

In total 60.1%, 29.1%, and 10.8% patients had mPTA of <0.4, 0.40 - 0.45 and >0.45, respectively. However, after a minimum follow-up of 2 years, none of the patients had any sign of ectasia.

CONCLUSION

Careful selection of patients is mandatory before proceeding for LASIK. Factors like corneal thickness, RSB, degree of myopia, and AD are more important. The role of mPTA >0.4 as an independent risk factor for post LASIK ectasia is questionable in Indian eyes. Other factors or a modified formula suitable for Indian eyes needs to be investigated. A larger follow-up period is also required as ectasia has been known to develop even after 2 years.