Arruda Andréia G, Beyene Tariku J, Kieffer Justin, Lorbach Joshua N, Moeller Steven, Bowman Andrew S
Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43215, USA.
Center for Surgical Outcomes Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43215, USA.
Animals (Basel). 2020 Nov 20;10(11):2161. doi: 10.3390/ani10112161.
Swine mass depopulation refers to the destruction of large numbers of pigs and may include not only animals affected with a disease but also healthy pigs in a facility or surrounding areas. Emerging applications of mass depopulation include reducing welfare issues associated with slaughter delays, which was observed in the United States in 2020 as a result of the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. The objectives of this review were to summarize the available literature on swine depopulation methods and to highlight critical gaps in knowledge. Peer-reviewed articles were identified through a systematic search in electronic databases including Web of Science, MEDLINE, and PubMed. A total of 68 publications were assessed. Gaseous carbon dioxide inhalation was the most commonly reported depopulation method for both small- and large-scale trials. Measurements of consciousness state, which serves to assess suffering and humaneness, appeared to be lacking in a high proportion of the studies. None of the published studies demonstrated an ideally reliable and safe way to induce rapid unconsciousness in large groups of pigs. Development of rapid mass depopulation methods applicable to large groups of pigs is necessary to provide industry partners with suitable and low-cost emergency preparedness procedures while adhering to personnel safety and animal welfare standards. Lastly, there is an urgent need to standardize comprehensive reporting guidelines for depopulation studies.
猪群大规模扑杀是指大量猪只被销毁，这不仅可能包括感染疾病的动物，还可能包括养殖场或周边地区的健康猪只。大规模扑杀的新应用包括减少与屠宰延迟相关的福利问题，2020年在美国因冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行就观察到了这一情况。本综述的目的是总结关于猪只扑杀方法的现有文献，并突出知识上的关键空白。通过在包括科学网、医学索引数据库和PubMed在内的电子数据库中进行系统检索，确定了同行评审的文章。共评估了68篇出版物。对于小规模和大规模试验，吸入气态二氧化碳是最常报道的扑杀方法。在很大一部分研究中，似乎缺乏用于评估痛苦和人道性的意识状态测量。已发表的研究中没有一项展示出一种理想的、可靠且安全的方法来使大批猪只迅速失去意识。开发适用于大批猪只的快速大规模扑杀方法很有必要，以便在遵守人员安全和动物福利标准的同时，为行业合作伙伴提供合适且低成本的应急准备程序。最后，迫切需要规范扑杀研究的全面报告指南。
