Gurung Shailesh, Hoffman John, Stringfellow Kendre, Abi-Ghanem Daad, Zhao Dan, Caldwell David, Lee Jason, Styles Darrel, Berghman Luc, Byrd James, Farnell Yuhua, Archer Gregory, Farnell Morgan
Department of Poultry Science, Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
Veterinary Services, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service- US Department of Agriculture, Riverdale Park, MD 20737, USA.
Animals (Basel). 2018 Jan 11;8(1):11. doi: 10.3390/ani8010011.
During the 2014-2015 US highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreak, 50.4 million commercial layers and turkeys were affected, resulting in economic losses of $3.3 billion. Rapid depopulation of infected poultry is vital to contain and eradicate reportable diseases like HPAI. The hypothesis of the experiment was that a compressed air foam (CAF) system may be used as an alternative to carbon dioxide (CO₂) inhalation for depopulating caged layer hens. The objective of this study was to evaluate corticosterone (CORT) and time to cessation of movement (COM) of hens subjected to CAF, CO₂ inhalation, and negative control (NEG) treatments. In Experiment 1, two independent trials were conducted using young and spent hens. Experiment 1 consisted of five treatments: NEG, CO₂ added to a chamber, a CO₂ pre-charged chamber, CAF in cages, and CAF in a chamber. In Experiment 2, only spent hens were randomly assigned to three treatments: CAF in cages, CO₂ added to a chamber, and aspirated foam. Serum CORT levels of young hens were not significantly different among the CAF in cages, CAF in a chamber, NEG control, and CO₂ inhalation treatments. However, spent hens subjected to the CAF in a chamber had significantly higher CORT levels than birds in the rest of the treatments. Times to COM of spent hens subjected to CAF in cages and aspirated foam were significantly greater than of birds exposed to the CO₂ in a chamber treatment. These data suggest that applying CAF in cages is a viable alternative for layer hen depopulation during a reportable disease outbreak.
在2014 - 2015年美国高致病性禽流感（HPAI）疫情爆发期间，5040万只商品蛋鸡和火鸡受到影响，造成了33亿美元的经济损失。对感染家禽进行快速扑杀对于控制和根除像HPAI这样的应上报疾病至关重要。该实验的假设是压缩空气泡沫（CAF）系统可作为笼养蛋鸡扑杀时二氧化碳（CO₂）吸入法的替代方法。本研究的目的是评估接受CAF、CO₂吸入和阴性对照（NEG）处理的母鸡的皮质酮（CORT）水平和停止移动时间（COM）。在实验1中，使用青年母鸡和老龄母鸡进行了两项独立试验。实验1包括五种处理：NEG、向舱室内添加CO₂、预充CO₂的舱室、笼内CAF和舱室内CAF。在实验2中，仅将老龄母鸡随机分配到三种处理：笼内CAF、向舱室内添加CO₂和抽吸泡沫。笼内CAF、舱室内CAF、NEG对照和CO₂吸入处理的青年母鸡血清CORT水平无显著差异。然而，接受舱室内CAF处理的老龄母鸡的CORT水平显著高于其他处理组的鸡。接受笼内CAF和抽吸泡沫处理的老龄母鸡的COM时间显著长于接受舱室内CO₂处理的鸡。这些数据表明，在应上报疾病爆发期间，在笼内应用CAF是蛋鸡扑杀的一种可行替代方法。
