高中生中与大麻相关的驾驶和乘客行为：一项使用调查数据的横断面研究。
Cannabis-related driving and passenger behaviours among high school students: a cross-sectional study using survey data.
作者信息
Carpino Melissa, Langille Donald, Ilie Gabriela, Asbridge Mark
机构信息
Departments of Community Health and Epidemiology (Carpino, Langille, Ilie, Asbridge), Urology (Ilie) and Emergency Medicine (Asbridge), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
Departments of Community Health and Epidemiology (Carpino, Langille, Ilie, Asbridge), Urology (Ilie) and Emergency Medicine (Asbridge), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS.
出版信息
CMAJ Open. 2020 Nov 24;8(4):E754-E761. doi: 10.9778/cmajo.20200081. Print 2020 Oct-Dec.
BACKGROUND
Many youth report driving under the influence of cannabis (DUIC) and riding with a cannabis-impaired driver (RWCD), and many perceive that cannabis causes limited impairment. We examined associations of perceived risk of regular cannabis use with DUIC and RWCD, exploring differences by sex and rural setting.
METHODS
In a cross-sectional study, we examined DUIC and RWCD among high school students in grades 11 and 12 who participated in the 2016-2017 Canadian Student Tobacco, Alcohol and Drugs Survey. Private and public schools across 9 Canadian provinces were included. New Brunswick and the 3 territories were not included. Multinomial logistic regression models generated adjusted and unadjusted models for the associations.
RESULTS
A total of 52 103 students in grades 7-12, from 117 school boards and 699 schools, participated in the survey. The survey response rate was 76.2% ( = 52 103/68 415). In total, 14 520 students in grades 11 and 12 participated in the survey. Greater perceived risk of regular cannabis use was associated with reduced risk of DUIC and RWCD in a dose-response manner. Students perceiving that regular cannabis use posed great risk had an adjusted relative risk (RR) of 0.06 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.04-0.10) of DUIC in the past 30 days compared with students perceiving that regular use posed no risk. Students perceiving that regular cannabis use posed great risk had an adjusted RR of 0.09 (95% CI 0.07-0.12) of RWCD in the past 30 days compared with students perceiving no such risk. Associations were consistent for male and female students and for those living in urban and rural areas.
INTERPRETATION
Students perceiving minimal risk from cannabis use reported greater engagement in cannabis-related risky driving behaviours. Given the importance of youth perceptions in shaping driving and passenger behaviours, efforts must be made to disseminate appropriate information regarding cannabis-related driving risks to high school students.
背景
许多青少年报告称曾在受大麻影响的情况下驾车（DUIC）以及乘坐受大麻影响的司机驾驶的车辆（RWCD），并且许多人认为大麻造成的损害有限。我们研究了定期使用大麻的感知风险与DUIC和RWCD之间的关联，并探讨了性别和农村地区的差异。
方法
在一项横断面研究中，我们调查了参与2016 - 2017年加拿大学生烟草、酒精和药物调查的11和12年级高中生中的DUIC和RWCD情况。涵盖了加拿大9个省的私立和公立学校。新不伦瑞克省和3个地区未纳入。多项逻辑回归模型生成了关联的调整和未调整模型。
结果
来自117个学区和699所学校的7至12年级的总共52103名学生参与了调查。调查回复率为76.2%（=52103/68415）。总共有14520名11和12年级的学生参与了调查。定期使用大麻的感知风险越高，DUIC和RWCD的风险以剂量反应方式降低。与认为定期使用大麻无风险的学生相比，认为定期使用大麻有很大风险的学生在过去30天内DUIC的调整相对风险（RR）为0.06（95%置信区间[CI]0.04 - 0.10）。与认为无此类风险的学生相比，认为定期使用大麻有很大风险的学生在过去30天内RWCD的调整RR为0.09（95%CI 0.07 - 0.12）。男性和女性学生以及城乡地区的学生的关联是一致的。
解读
认为使用大麻风险极小的学生报告称更多地参与与大麻相关风险驾驶行为。鉴于青少年认知在塑造驾驶和乘客行为方面的重要性，必须努力向高中生传播有关大麻相关驾驶风险的适当信息。
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