Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Montana State University, Bozeman, USA.
Drug Alcohol Rev. 2018 Jul;37(5):637-644. doi: 10.1111/dar.12686. Epub 2018 Feb 21.
Substance use contributes to motor vehicle crashes, the leading cause of death among young adults. The current qualitative study examined perceptions of the acceptability and harms associated with driving after marijuana versus alcohol use in rural America. Illuminating rural perspectives is critical given that the motor vehicle fatality rate is twice as high in rural as in urban areas in the USA.
In 2015-2016, 72 young adults aged 18-25 years (M = 20.2; 50.7% female) living in Montana, USA, participated in 11 focus groups. A list of descriptive codes was generated inductively and two individuals coded participant comments. Discussion, memoing and concept mapping were used to uncover broader themes and transcripts were reviewed for evidence of these themes.
There was shared consensus that, with regard to crash risk, driving after marijuana use was safer than driving after alcohol use. While alcohol was thought to impair driving ability universally, marijuana's impacts depended on individual characteristics (e.g. compensatory behaviours) and the marijuana itself (e.g. type). Participants expressed conflicting beliefs about policies surrounding marijuana use and driving but were more knowledgeable about alcohol-related policies. Participants viewed older adults and those in frontier areas as more disapproving of driving after marijuana use.
Misinformation about the consequences of driving after marijuana use is common, demonstrating the need for future research and educational interventions. Developing and disseminating guidelines for driving after marijuana use would help marijuana users make informed decisions and mitigate driving-related risks.
物质使用会导致机动车事故，这是年轻人死亡的主要原因。目前的定性研究检查了在农村地区，吸食大麻后开车与酒精后开车的可接受性和危害的看法。鉴于美国农村地区的机动车死亡率是城市地区的两倍，阐明农村地区的观点至关重要。
在 2015-2016 年，美国蒙大拿州的 72 名年龄在 18-25 岁的年轻人（M = 20.2；50.7%为女性）参加了 11 个焦点小组。通过归纳生成了一份描述性代码清单，由两名研究人员对参与者的评论进行编码。讨论、备忘录和概念映射用于揭示更广泛的主题，对转录本进行审查以寻找这些主题的证据。
对于碰撞风险，吸食大麻后开车比饮酒后开车更安全，这一点得到了普遍共识。虽然人们普遍认为酒精会损害驾驶能力，但大麻的影响取决于个人特征（如补偿行为）和大麻本身（如类型）。参与者对大麻使用和驾驶相关政策表达了相互矛盾的看法，但对与酒精相关的政策更了解。参与者认为，老年人和边境地区的人更不赞成吸食大麻后开车。
关于吸食大麻后开车的后果的错误信息很常见，这表明需要进行未来的研究和教育干预。制定和传播吸食大麻后开车的指南将有助于大麻使用者做出明智的决定，并减轻与驾驶相关的风险。
