Department of Food Science and Nutrition and Center for Nutrition Research, Institute for Food Safety and Health, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA.
Nutrients. 2020 Nov 23;12(11):3595. doi: 10.3390/nu12113595.
Gut microbiota metabolize select dietary (poly)phenols to absorbable metabolites that exert biological effects important in metabolic health. Microbiota composition associated with health/disease status may affect its functional capacity to yield bioactive metabolites from dietary sources. Therefore, this study assessed gut microbiome composition and its related functional capacity to metabolize fruit (poly)phenols in individuals with prediabetes and insulin resistance (PreDM-IR, = 26) compared to a metabolically healthy Reference group ( = 10).
Shotgun sequencing was used to characterize gut microbiome composition. Targeted quantitative metabolomic analyses of plasma and urine collected over 24 h were used to assess microbial-derived metabolites in response to a (poly)phenol-rich raspberry test drink.
PreDM-IR compared to the Reference group: (1) enriched and and depleted and . and spp. were depleted in the lean PreDM-IR subset; and (2) impaired microbial catabolism of select (poly)phenols resulting in lower 3,8-dihydroxy-urolithin (urolithin A), phenyl--valerolactones and various phenolic acids concentrations ( < 0.05). Controlling for obesity revealed relationships with microbial species that may serve as metagenomic markers of diabetes development and therapeutic targets.
Data provide insight from multi-omics approaches to advance knowledge at the diet-gut-disease nexus serving as a platform for devising dietary strategies to improve metabolic health.
肠道微生物群将特定的饮食（多）酚代谢为可吸收的代谢物，这些代谢物对代谢健康具有重要的生物学作用。与健康/疾病状态相关的微生物群组成可能会影响其从饮食来源产生生物活性代谢物的功能能力。因此，本研究评估了 26 例前驱糖尿病和胰岛素抵抗（PreDM-IR）个体与代谢健康参考组（10 例）的肠道微生物组组成及其代谢水果（多）酚的相关功能能力。
使用 shotgun 测序来描述肠道微生物组组成。使用靶向定量代谢组学分析收集 24 小时内的血浆和尿液，以评估对富含（多）酚的覆盆子测试饮料的微生物衍生代谢物的反应。
与参考组相比，PreDM-IR 组：（1）富集 和 ，并减少 和. 和 spp. 在瘦的 PreDM-IR 亚组中被消耗；（2）损害了某些（多）酚的微生物代谢，导致 3,8-二羟基尿石素（尿石素 A）、苯基--缬草酸和各种酚酸浓度降低（<0.05）。控制肥胖揭示了与微生物物种的关系，这些关系可能作为糖尿病发展和治疗靶点的宏基因组标记。
数据从多组学方法提供了深入了解，以推进饮食-肠道-疾病关系的知识，作为设计改善代谢健康的饮食策略的平台。
