Department of Economics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
School of Economics, Finance and Banking, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Changlun, Malaysia.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Apr;28(13):16014-16028. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-11823-8. Epub 2020 Nov 27.
Recent research has shown a huge impact of non-renewable energy (NRE) production on environmental health. In this context, this work analyzes the effects of GDP growth and long- and short-term consumption of renewable and non-renewable energy (RE and NRE, respectively) on carbon emission in BRICS and OECD economies. The quantile autoregressive distributed lag (QARDL) model was employed on the panel data from 1980 to 2016. Findings suggest a negative GDP-carbon emission correlation and a positive NRE-carbon emission correlation in the considered economies. Furthermore, carbon emission decreases with increase in gross capital formation, whereas trade openness does not have any significant effect on carbon emission. It has been determined that the application of the error correction method (ECM) has less effect on energy consumption as compared to the past levels and changes in energy consumption. In the long-term, a positive correlation of carbon emission and energy consumption is observed, whereas limited short-term effects of energy consumption on carbon emission are observed. Therefore, an RE-based energy production approach is recommended in the selected region for the future projects.
最近的研究表明，不可再生能源（NRE）的生产对环境健康有巨大影响。在这一背景下，本工作分析了金砖国家和经合组织经济体的国内生产总值（GDP）增长以及可再生能源和不可再生能源（RE 和 NRE）的长期和短期消费对碳排放的影响。利用 1980 年至 2016 年的面板数据，采用了分位数自回归分布滞后（QARDL）模型。研究结果表明，在所考虑的经济体中，GDP 与碳排放呈负相关，而 NRE 与碳排放呈正相关。此外，碳排放随着总资本形成的增加而减少，而贸易开放度对碳排放没有任何显著影响。与过去的水平和能源消耗的变化相比，应用误差修正方法（ECM）对能源消耗的影响较小。从长期来看，碳排放与能源消耗呈正相关，而能源消耗对碳排放的短期影响有限。因此，建议在选定地区为未来项目采用基于可再生能源的能源生产方法。
