Sleep Research Unit, The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa K1Z 7K4, Canada; School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa K1N 6N5, Canada.
Sleep Research Unit, The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa K1Z 7K4, Canada.
Clin Neurophysiol. 2021 Jan;132(1):45-55. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2020.10.010. Epub 2020 Nov 4.
The current study investigated the behavioral, cognitive, and electrophysiological impact of mild (only a few hours) and acute (one night) sleep loss via simultaneously recorded behavioural and physiological measures of vigilance.
Participants (N = 23) came into the lab for two testing days where their brain activity and vigilance were recorded and assessed. The night before the testing session, participants either slept from 12am to 9am (Normally Rested), or from 1am to 6am (Sleep Restriction).
Vigilance was reduced and sleepiness was increased in the Sleep Restricted vs. Normally Rested condition, and this was exacerbated over the course of performing the vigilance task. As well, sleep restriction resulted in more intense alpha bursts. Lastly, EEG spectral power differed in Sleep Restricted vs. Normally Rested conditions as sleep onset progressed, particularly for frequencies reflecting arousal (e.g., delta, alpha, beta).
The findings of this study suggest that only one night of mild sleep loss significantly increases sleepiness and, importantly, reduces vigilance. In addition, this sleep loss has a clear impact on the physiology of the brain in ways that reflect reduced arousal.
Understanding the neural correlates and cognitive processes associated with loss of sleep may lead to important advancements in identifying and preventing deleterious or potentially dangerous, sleep-related lapses in vigilance.
本研究通过同时记录警觉性的行为和生理测量，调查了轻度（仅几个小时）和急性（一个晚上）睡眠剥夺对行为、认知和电生理的影响。
参与者（N=23）在两个测试日进入实验室，记录和评估他们的大脑活动和警觉性。在测试前一天晚上，参与者要么从 12 点睡到 9 点（正常休息），要么从 1 点睡到 6 点（睡眠限制）。
与正常休息相比，睡眠限制导致警觉性降低和困倦增加，并且在执行警觉任务的过程中加剧。此外，睡眠限制导致更强烈的 alpha 爆发。最后，随着睡眠开始的进展，与睡眠限制相比，脑电图频谱功率在睡眠限制和正常休息条件下有所不同，特别是反映唤醒的频率（例如，δ、α、β）。
这项研究的结果表明，仅仅一个晚上的轻度睡眠剥夺就会显著增加困倦感，重要的是，降低警觉性。此外，这种睡眠剥夺对大脑的生理有明显影响，反映出唤醒程度降低。
了解与睡眠丧失相关的神经相关性和认知过程可能会导致在识别和预防警觉性睡眠相关的有害或潜在危险的失误方面取得重要进展。
