Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-si 24341, Korea.
Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Science, Kangwon National University, 346 Hwangjo-gil, Dogye-up, Samcheok-si, Gangwon-do 25945, Korea.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Nov 28;17(23):8847. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17238847.
10-20% of COVID (Corona Virus Disease)-19 cases proceed to a severe stage, and age and the presence of comorbidity increased the risk of death from COVID-19. The identification of risk factors on progression to the severity stages is essential in providing more efficient and suitable management to COVID-19 patients. However, there is insufficient study on risk factors for severity stages of COVID-19 patients. In this study, 2959 confirmed COVID-19 patients were analyzed while using national data, COVID-19 patients Clinical Epidemiological Information provided from the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency. The epidemiological variable, hospital room, periods from confirmation to release, initial symptom and vital signs, underlying comorbidities, and initial blood variables were used to verify the relation with progression to severity stages of COVID-19 and severe COVID-19. The chi-square test, welch test, multiple regression and logistic regression analysis were performed. The ICU (Intensive Care Unit) admission rate of patients having characteristics, such as older age, male, abnormal BMI (Body Mass Index), high heart rate, high body temperature, fever, cough, sputum, sore throat, rhinorrhea, fatigue, dyspnea, change of consciousness, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, chronic artery disease, chronic kidney disease, cancer, dementia, abnormal hemoglobin, abnormal hematocrit, abnormal lymphocyte, abnormal platelets, and abnormal white blood cell were high. The risk factors for severe COVID-19 were older age, shorter hospitalization, abnormal lymphocyte, abnormal platelets, dyspnea, change of consciousness, and dementia. Whereas, significant predictors for progression to severity stages of COVID-19 were older age, longer period from confirmation to release, higher BMI, higher body temperature, abnormal lymphocyte, abnormal platelets, fever, no sore throat, dyspnea, no headache, COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease), and dementia. Therefore, classifying patients with a high risk of severe stage of COVID-19 and managing patients by considering the risk factors could be helpful in the efficient management of COVID-19 patients.
2959 例确诊的 COVID-19 患者，分析了使用国家数据 COVID-19 患者临床流行病学信息，从韩国疾病控制和预防机构提供。将流行病学变量、住院病房、从确诊到释放的时间、初始症状和生命体征、潜在合并症以及初始血液变量用于验证与 COVID-19 严重程度阶段和严重 COVID-19 的进展关系。进行了卡方检验、威尔科克检验、多元回归和逻辑回归分析。具有特征的患者 ICU（重症监护病房）入院率，如年龄较大、男性、异常 BMI（体重指数）、心率高、体温高、发热、咳嗽、咳痰、咽痛、流鼻涕、疲劳、呼吸困难、意识改变、糖尿病、高血压、慢性动脉疾病、慢性肾病、癌症、痴呆、血红蛋白异常、血细胞比容异常、淋巴细胞异常、血小板异常和白细胞异常。严重 COVID-19 的危险因素是年龄较大、住院时间较短、淋巴细胞异常、血小板异常、呼吸困难、意识改变和痴呆。而严重 COVID-19 进展的显著预测因素是年龄较大、从确诊到释放的时间较长、BMI 较高、体温较高、淋巴细胞异常、血小板异常、发热、无咽痛、呼吸困难、无头痛、COPD（慢性阻塞性肺疾病）和痴呆。因此，对 COVID-19 严重阶段风险较高的患者进行分类，并考虑这些风险因素对患者进行管理，有助于对 COVID-19 患者进行有效的管理。
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