Institute of Movement & Sport Gerontology, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Nov 27;17(23):8814. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17238814.
In order to design effective interventions to prevent age-related mobility loss, it is important to identify influencing factors. The concept of "motility" by Kaufmann et al. subdivides such factors into three categories: "access", "skills", and "appropriation". The aim of this study was to assemble appropriate quantitative assessment tools for the assessment of these factors in frail older adults and to get first insights into their relative contribution for life-space and physical activity-related mobility. This is an exploratory cross-sectional study conducted with twenty-eight at least prefrail, retired participants aged 61-94. Life-space mobility was assessed using the "University of Alabama at Birmingham Life-space Assessment" (LSA) and physical activity using the "German Physical Activity Questionnaire" (PAQ50+). Factors from the category "appropriation", followed by factors from the category "skills" showed the strongest associations with the LSA. Factors from the category "access" best explained the variance for PAQ50+. This study's findings indicate the importance of accounting for and examining comprehensive models of mobility. The proposed assessment tools need to be explored in more depth in longitudinal studies with larger sample sizes in order to yield more conclusive results about the appropriateness of the motility concept for such purposes.
为了设计有效的干预措施来预防与年龄相关的活动能力丧失，确定影响因素很重要。考夫曼等人提出的“活动能力”概念将这些因素细分为三类：“通路”“技能”和“适应”。本研究的目的是为评估虚弱老年人这些因素而汇集适当的定量评估工具，并初步了解它们对生活空间和与身体活动相关的活动能力的相对贡献。这是一项采用 28 名至少处于虚弱前期、退休的 61-94 岁老年人进行的探索性横断面研究。使用“伯明翰阿拉巴马大学生活空间评估”（LSA）评估生活空间活动能力，使用“德国体力活动问卷”（PAQ50+）评估身体活动。与 LSA 关联最强的是“适应”类别的因素，其次是“技能”类别的因素。“通路”类别的因素最能解释 PAQ50+的差异。本研究结果表明，考虑和检查全面的活动能力模型很重要。需要在具有更大样本量的纵向研究中更深入地探索拟议的评估工具，以便就该概念用于此类目的的适当性得出更具结论性的结果。
