Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia University, New Delhi 110025, India.
Department of computer science, Jamia Millia Islamia University, New Delhi, India.
Brief Bioinform. 2021 Mar 22;22(2):1309-1323. doi: 10.1093/bib/bbaa340.
The recurrent and recent global outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has turned into a global concern which has infected more than 42 million people all over the globe, and this number is increasing in hours. Unfortunately, no vaccine or specific treatment is available, which makes it more deadly. A vaccine-informatics approach has shown significant breakthrough in peptide-based epitope mapping and opens the new horizon in vaccine development. In this study, we have identified a total of 15 antigenic peptides [including thymus cells (T-cells) and bone marrow or bursa-derived cells] in the surface glycoprotein (SG) of SARS-CoV-2 which is nontoxic and nonallergenic in nature, nonallergenic, highly antigenic and non-mutated in other SARS-CoV-2 virus strains. The population coverage analysis has found that cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4+) T-cell peptides showed higher cumulative population coverage over cluster of differentiation 8 (CD8+) peptides in the 16 different geographical regions of the world. We identified 12 peptides ((LTDEMIAQY, WTAGAAAYY, WMESEFRVY, IRASANLAA, FGAISSVLN, VKQLSSNFG, FAMQMAYRF, FGAGAALQI, YGFQPTNGVGYQ, LPDPSKPSKR, QTQTNSPRRARS and VITPGTNTSN) that are $80\hbox{--} 90%$ identical with experimentally determined epitopes of SARS-CoV, and this will likely be beneficial for a quick progression of the vaccine design. Moreover, docking analysis suggested that the identified peptides are tightly bound in the groove of human leukocyte antigen molecules which can induce the T-cell response. Overall, this study allows us to determine potent peptide antigen targets in the SG on intuitive grounds, which opens up a new horizon in the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) research. However, this study needs experimental validation by in vitro and in vivo.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）的反复和最近的全球爆发已成为全球关注的焦点，已感染全球超过 4200 万人，且该数字每小时都在增加。不幸的是，目前尚无疫苗或特效疗法，这使其更具致命性。疫苗信息学方法在基于肽的表位作图方面取得了重大突破，为疫苗开发开辟了新的前景。在这项研究中，我们共鉴定了 SARS-CoV-2 表面糖蛋白（SG）中的 15 种抗原肽[包括胸腺细胞（T 细胞）和骨髓或腔上囊衍生细胞]，这些肽本质上无毒、无变应原性、高度抗原性且在其他 SARS-CoV-2 病毒株中未发生突变。人群覆盖分析发现，在世界 16 个不同地理区域，分化簇 4（CD4+）T 细胞肽的群体覆盖度高于分化簇 8（CD8+）肽。我们鉴定出 12 种肽（（LTDEMIAQY、WTGAAAYY、WMESEFRVY、IRASANLAA、FGAISSVLN、VKQLSSNFG、FAMQMAYRF、FGAGAALQI、YGFQPTNGVGYQ、LPDPSKPSKR、QTQTNSPRRARS 和 VITPGTNTSN）与 SARS-CoV 的实验确定表位有 80%-90%的同源性，这将有助于疫苗设计的快速进展。此外，对接分析表明，鉴定出的肽紧密结合在人类白细胞抗原分子的凹槽中，可诱导 T 细胞反应。总体而言，这项研究使我们能够直观地确定 SG 中有效的肽抗原靶标，为冠状病毒病（COVID-19）研究开辟了新的前景。然而，这项研究需要通过体外和体内实验进行验证。
