Faizan Siddiqui Mohd, Jabeen Sheeda, Alwazzan Amenah, Vacca Sebastiano, Dalal Lara, Al-Haddad Bashar, Jaber Ahmad, Ballout Fatima Fouad, Abou Zeid Hadi Khaled, Haydamous Joe, El Hajj Chehade Razane, Kalmatov Roman
International Medical Faculty, Osh State University, Osh, Kyrgyzstan.
Faculty of Medicine, Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia.
J Med Educ Curric Dev. 2025 May 29;12:23821205251342315. doi: 10.1177/23821205251342315. eCollection 2025 Jan-Dec.
OBJECTIVE: Augmented reality (AR) is a technology that incorporates digital information into user's physical surroundings. It represents a paradigm shift in medical treatment and education. AR aides in surgical planning and patient therapy, as well as assisting patients in comprehending difficult medical problems. AR is evident in several facets of medicine, and there is a significant need for helping systems as a result of the increasing stress placed on public health systems during pandemics. The use of virtual reality (VR) and AR in surgery, dentistry, telemedicine, self-care, and wellness treatments has already improved many areas of healthcare. METHOD: This systematic review adheres to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis checklist and was conducted using PubMed and Scopus databases with keywords such as "Augmented Reality (AR)," "Virtual Reality (VR)," "Extended Reality (XR)," "Medical Education," "Surgical Planning," "Clinical Training," and "Patient Therapy." Boolean operators (AND, OR) were applied, and through a systematic review process, 21 peer-reviewed studies published between 2010 and 2024 were analyzed. RESULTS: The usage of ARs and VRs in medical education is of great interest since they blend physical and digital learning features. Of the 21 studies (2021-2024), 8 systematic reviews and 3 randomized controlled trials showed that XR was effective in medical education (5 studies) and surgical planning (4 studies). Six studies identified low- and middle-income countries' limitations (eg, costs, infrastructure), but one research found that non-XR approaches were successful in resource-limited locations. Common drawbacks were limited sample sizes (3 studies) and database biases (2 studies). XR showed transformational potential but needed equitable scalability techniques. CONCLUSION: The primary goal of this systematic review is to provide insight into AR research, identify potential future trends, and serve as inspiration for healthcare professionals, medical college professors, researchers, and scientists working in the fields of AR, VR, and XR in the healthcare industry.
目的：增强现实（AR）是一种将数字信息融入用户物理环境的技术。它代表了医学治疗和教育的范式转变。AR有助于手术规划和患者治疗，还能帮助患者理解复杂的医学问题。AR在医学的多个方面都有体现，并且由于大流行期间公共卫生系统面临的压力不断增加，对辅助系统的需求也很大。虚拟现实（VR）和AR在手术、牙科、远程医疗、自我护理和健康治疗中的应用已经改善了医疗保健的许多领域。 方法：本系统评价遵循系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目清单，使用PubMed和Scopus数据库，关键词为“增强现实（AR）”、“虚拟现实（VR）”、“扩展现实（XR）”、“医学教育”、“手术规划”、“临床培训”和“患者治疗”。应用布尔运算符（AND、OR），并通过系统评价过程，分析了2010年至2024年间发表的21项同行评审研究。 结果：AR和VR在医学教育中的应用备受关注，因为它们融合了物理和数字学习特点。在这21项研究（2021 - 2024年）中，8项系统评价和3项随机对照试验表明，XR在医学教育（5项研究）和手术规划（4项研究）中是有效的。6项研究确定了低收入和中等收入国家的局限性（如成本、基础设施），但有一项研究发现非XR方法在资源有限的地区也取得了成功。常见的缺点是样本量有限（3项研究）和数据库偏差（2项研究）。XR显示出变革潜力，但需要公平的可扩展性技术。 结论：本系统评价的主要目的是深入了解AR研究，确定潜在的未来趋势，并为医疗保健行业中从事AR、VR和XR领域工作的医疗专业人员、医学院教授、研究人员和科学家提供灵感。
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