GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France.
Neovia-ADM, Rue de l'Eglise, 02402 Château-Thierry Cedex, France.
J Proteome Res. 2021 Jan 1;20(1):982-994. doi: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00745. Epub 2020 Dec 8.
The gut microbiota plays a key role in intestinal development at the suckling-to-weaning transition. The objective of this study was to analyze the production of metabolites by the gut microbiota in suckling and weaned piglets. We studied piglets raised in two separate maternity farms and weaned at postnatal day 21 in the same farm. The fecal metabolome (H nuclear magnetic resonance) and the microbiota composition (16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing) and its predicted functions (PICRUSt2) were analyzed in the same piglets during the suckling period (postnatal day 13) and 2 days after weaning (postnatal day 23). The relative concentrations of the bacterial metabolites methylamine, dimethylamine, cadaverine, tyramine, putrescine, 5-aminovalerate, succinate, and 3-(4-hydroxyphenylpropionate) were higher during the suckling period than after weaning. In contrast, the relative concentrations of the short-chain fatty acids acetate and propionate were higher after weaning than during the suckling period. The maternity of origin of piglets also influenced the level of some bacterial metabolites (propionate and isobutyrate). The fecal metabolome signatures observed in suckling and weaned piglets were associated with specific microbiota-predicted functionalities, structure, and diversity. Gut microbiota-derived metabolites, which are differentially abundant between suckling and weaned piglets (e.g., short-chain fatty acids and biogenic amines), are known to regulate gut health. Thus, identification of metabolome signatures in suckling and weaned piglets paves the way for the development of health-promoting nutritional strategies, targeting the production of bacterial metabolites in early life.
肠道微生物群在哺乳到断奶过渡期的肠道发育中起着关键作用。本研究的目的是分析哺乳期和断奶仔猪肠道微生物群产生的代谢产物。我们研究了分别在两个不同的母猪场饲养的仔猪，并在同一农场于产后第 21 天断奶。在同一头仔猪中，我们在哺乳期（产后第 13 天）和断奶后 2 天（产后第 23 天）分析了粪便代谢组（H 核磁共振）和微生物群落组成（16S rRNA 基因扩增子测序）及其预测功能（PICRUSt2）。在哺乳期，细菌代谢产物甲胺、二甲胺、尸胺、酪胺、腐胺、5-氨基戊酸、琥珀酸和 3-（4-羟苯基）丙酸的相对浓度高于断奶后。相比之下，断奶后乙酸和丙酸的短链脂肪酸的相对浓度高于哺乳期。仔猪的母源也会影响一些细菌代谢产物（丙酸和异丁酸）的水平。哺乳期和断奶仔猪粪便代谢组特征与特定的微生物群落预测功能、结构和多样性相关。肠道微生物群衍生的代谢产物在哺乳期和断奶仔猪之间差异丰富（例如，短链脂肪酸和生物胺），已知它们可调节肠道健康。因此，鉴定哺乳期和断奶仔猪的代谢组特征为开发促进健康的营养策略铺平了道路，该策略针对早期生活中细菌代谢产物的产生。
