Polito Rita, Di Meo Irene, Barbieri Michelangela, Daniele Aurora, Paolisso Giuseppe, Rizzo Maria Rosaria
Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Miraglia 2, 80138 Naples, Italy.
CEINGE-Advanced Biotechnologies Scarl, Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Dec 4;21(23):9255. doi: 10.3390/ijms21239255.
Adiponectin is an adipokine produced by adipose tissue. It has numerous beneficial effects. In particular, it improves metabolic effects and glucose homeostasis, lipid profile, and is involved in the regulation of cytokine profile and immune cell production, having anti-inflammatory and immune-regulatory effects. Adiponectin's role is already known in immune diseases and also in neurodegenerative diseases. Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, are a set of diseases of the central nervous system, characterized by a chronic and selective process of neuron cell death, which occurs mainly in relation to oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. Lifestyle is able to influence the development of these diseases. In particular, unhealthy nutrition on gut microbiota, influences its composition and predisposition to develop many diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases, given the importance of the "gut-brain" axis. There is a strong interplay between Adiponectin, gut microbiota, and brain-gut axis. For these reasons, a healthy diet composed of healthy nutrients such as probiotics, prebiotics, polyphenols, can prevent many metabolic and inflammatory diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases and obesity. The special Adiponectin role should be taken into account also, in order to be able to use this component as a therapeutic molecule.
脂联素是一种由脂肪组织产生的脂肪因子。它具有多种有益作用。特别是，它能改善代谢效应和葡萄糖稳态、脂质状况，并参与细胞因子谱和免疫细胞生成的调节，具有抗炎和免疫调节作用。脂联素在免疫疾病以及神经退行性疾病中的作用已为人所知。神经退行性疾病，如阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病，是一组中枢神经系统疾病，其特征是神经元细胞死亡的慢性和选择性过程，主要与氧化应激和神经炎症有关。生活方式能够影响这些疾病的发展。特别是，不健康的饮食对肠道微生物群有影响，鉴于“肠-脑”轴的重要性，会影响其组成并使其易患许多疾病，如神经退行性疾病。脂联素、肠道微生物群和脑-肠轴之间存在强烈的相互作用。出于这些原因，由益生菌、益生元、多酚等健康营养成分组成的健康饮食可以预防许多代谢和炎症性疾病，如神经退行性疾病和肥胖症。还应考虑脂联素的特殊作用，以便能够将该成分用作治疗分子。
