Department of Translational Medical Sciences, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy.
Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2024 Apr 15;15:1389014. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1389014. eCollection 2024.
The adipokines leptin and adiponectin have been associated with atherosclerosis and the risk of cerebral infarcts. Pre-clinical studies, however, suggest a protective role against ischemic brain damage. In this study we analyzed the relationship between serum leptin and adiponectin levels and the onset or progression of brain infarcts in subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD).
All data were extracted from the ADNI database. The final population included 566 subjects, with 58 healthy controls, 396 MCI and 112 AD. All patients with available serum leptin and adiponectin levels at baseline were selected. Demographics, neuropsychological test results, CSF biomarkers, regional brain metabolism with FDG-PET data and the number of brain infarcts on longitudinal MRI scans were extracted.
Leptin levels were significantly lower in patients with MCI than controls at baseline, while adiponectin levels were not different between the groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis at baseline for the presence of brain infarcts showed a predictive value for leptin but not for adiponectin. Multivariate longitudinal analysis showed that age was the only significant predictor of brain infarcts development at 15-year follow-up, while serum leptin and adiponectin levels did not play a role in this population.
The evidence on the pathogenetic or protective role of adipokines on ischemic brain damage is mixed. In this MCI and AD population, serum leptin and adiponectin were not associated with the development of brain infarcts; therefore, these results do not support the use of adipokines as biomarkers of cerebrovascular pathology in this population.
瘦素和脂联素等脂肪因子与动脉粥样硬化和脑梗死风险相关。然而，临床前研究表明其对缺血性脑损伤具有保护作用。本研究分析了血清瘦素和脂联素水平与轻度认知障碍（MCI）和阿尔茨海默病（AD）患者脑梗死发病或进展的关系。
所有数据均从 ADNI 数据库中提取。最终纳入 566 例受试者，其中 58 例健康对照，396 例 MCI 和 112 例 AD。所有基线时可获得血清瘦素和脂联素水平的患者均被纳入研究。提取人口统计学、神经心理学测试结果、CSF 生物标志物、FDG-PET 数据的区域性脑代谢以及纵向 MRI 扫描的脑梗死数量等数据。
基线时 MCI 患者的瘦素水平明显低于对照组，而脂联素水平在两组间无差异。基线时脑梗死存在的多变量逻辑回归分析显示瘦素具有预测价值，而脂联素则没有。多变量纵向分析显示，年龄是 15 年随访时脑梗死发展的唯一显著预测因素，而血清瘦素和脂联素水平在该人群中不起作用。
脂肪因子在缺血性脑损伤中的致病或保护作用的证据尚不一致。在本 MCI 和 AD 人群中，血清瘦素和脂联素与脑梗死的发生无关；因此，这些结果不支持在该人群中使用脂肪因子作为脑血管病生物标志物。
