韩国医院护士的知识、态度及跌倒预防措施：一项横断面调查。
Nurses' knowledge, attitude, and fall prevention practices at south Korean hospitals: a cross-sectional survey.
作者信息
Cho Mi-Young, Jang Sun Joo
机构信息
Graduate School of Advanced Nursing Practice, Eulji University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
Red Cross College of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.
出版信息
BMC Nurs. 2020 Nov 24;19(1):108. doi: 10.1186/s12912-020-00507-w.
BACKGROUND
Fall-prevention activities are nursing interventions which are designed to improve patient safety. The introduction of evaluations of medical institutions and an increase in medical litigation has led institutions to emphasize the importance of fall-prevention activities. The current situation regarding falls among patients in small and medium-sized hospitals is poorly understood. This study assessed knowledge and attitudes regarding falls, and fall-prevention activities of nurses working in small- and medium-sized hospitals.
METHODS
Nurses (N = 162) from seven small- and medium-sized hospitals participated in the study. Data on participants' characteristics, education regarding patient falls, knowledge of stretcher cart use, attitudes regarding patient falls, and fall-prevention activities were collected from August 1 to September 1, 2016.
RESULTS
Nurses' knowledge of patient falls was positively correlated with their experience with inpatient falls. Furthermore, nurses' attitudes regarding falls were influenced by their nursing experience and fall prevention education. Attitudes positively correlated with fall-prevention activities, but knowledge did not. Nurses' attitudes regarding patient falls were correlated with fall-prevention activities.
CONCLUSION
Hospitals should develop incentive programs to improve nurses' attitudes which are based on their subjective norms and tailored to each hospital's specific circumstances to ensure engagement in fall prevention activities. In short, we recommend that consistent, repeated, and custom fall-prevention education should be implemented in small- and medium-sized hospitals to promote engagement in fall-prevention activities. Patient safety activities in small- and medium-sized hospitals can be enhanced by creating an environment that encourages active and self-directed participation in developing fall-prevention strategies using motivation and rewards.
背景
预防跌倒活动是旨在提高患者安全性的护理干预措施。医疗机构评估的引入以及医疗诉讼的增加，促使各机构强调预防跌倒活动的重要性。目前对中小型医院患者跌倒的现状了解甚少。本研究评估了中小型医院护士对跌倒的认知和态度以及预防跌倒活动。
方法
来自七家中小型医院的162名护士参与了本研究。于2016年8月1日至9月1日收集了参与者的特征、患者跌倒教育、担架车使用知识、对患者跌倒的态度以及预防跌倒活动等数据。
结果
护士对患者跌倒的认知与他们处理住院患者跌倒的经验呈正相关。此外，护士对跌倒的态度受其护理经验和跌倒预防教育的影响。态度与预防跌倒活动呈正相关，但认知并非如此。护士对患者跌倒的态度与预防跌倒活动相关。
结论
医院应制定激励计划，以改善护士基于其主观规范且根据每家医院具体情况量身定制的态度，以确保他们参与预防跌倒活动。简而言之，我们建议中小型医院应实施持续、反复且定制化的跌倒预防教育，以促进对预防跌倒活动的参与。通过营造一个鼓励积极和自主参与制定预防跌倒策略并给予激励和奖励的环境，可以加强中小型医院的患者安全活动。
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