Raura Natasha, Garg Anirudh, Arora Arpit, Roma M
Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
Biomater Res. 2020 Dec 4;24(1):21. doi: 10.1186/s40824-020-00198-z.
The era of Nanomaterials has had a long lasting impression in the field of medical science. It's excellent use in medicine has led to its application in dental science. Serious concerns regarding the eradication of microbial biofilms from the root canal system still exists in the field of endodontics. Nanoparticles have proven to be much more efficient with good bonding capabilities and surface chemistry as compared to the conventional materials. The practical applications of nanotechnology in endodontics has led to future prospects in research in this field.
Nanoparticles in endodontics have shown promising results. The various nanoaprticles like graphene, silver nanoparticles, chitosan, hydroxyapaptite nanoparticles, Iron compound, zirconia, Poly (lactic) co-glycolic acid, bioactive glass, mesoporous calcium silicate, titanium dioxide nanoparticles, Magnesium, Calcium oxide and Copper oxide have been discussed. These nanoparticles have fetched and shown great results in various application in endodontics like incorporation of nanoparticles in selaers, obturating materials, irrigation, and intracanal medicament.
The application of nanoparticles from natural and synthetic materials is rapidly evolving in dentistry. These biomaterials have helped in treatment of oral diseases, in eradication of smear layer and biofilms, have been incorporated in various dental materials for their antimicrobial effects. Combining all their beneficial aspects, these nanoparticles will provide new paradigm shift in dentistry. This review on nanoparticles will provide the reader with the latest knowledge of these materials, their mechanism of action and its implications in endodontics.
纳米材料时代在医学领域留下了持久的印记。其在医学中的出色应用促使其在牙科领域得到应用。在牙髓病学领域，对于从根管系统中根除微生物生物膜仍存在严重担忧。与传统材料相比，纳米颗粒已被证明具有更高的效率、良好的粘结能力和表面化学性质。纳米技术在牙髓病学中的实际应用为该领域的研究带来了未来前景。
纳米颗粒在牙髓病学中已显示出有前景的结果。文中讨论了各种纳米颗粒，如石墨烯、银纳米颗粒、壳聚糖、羟基磷灰石纳米颗粒、铁化合物、氧化锆、聚（乳酸）-乙醇酸共聚物、生物活性玻璃、介孔硅酸钙、二氧化钛纳米颗粒、镁、氧化钙和氧化铜。这些纳米颗粒在牙髓病学的各种应用中取得并显示出了优异的效果，如将纳米颗粒掺入密封剂、充填材料、冲洗液和根管内药物中。
天然和合成材料的纳米颗粒在牙科中的应用正在迅速发展。这些生物材料有助于治疗口腔疾病、根除玷污层和生物膜，并因其抗菌作用被纳入各种牙科材料中。综合它们所有的有益方面，这些纳米颗粒将为牙科带来新的范式转变。这篇关于纳米颗粒的综述将为读者提供这些材料的最新知识、它们的作用机制及其在牙髓病学中的意义。
