Regufe Virgínia M G, Pinto Cristina M C B, Perez Pedro M V H C
São João University Hospital Center.
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto.
Porto Biomed J. 2020 Dec 3;5(6):e101. doi: 10.1097/j.pbj.0000000000000101. eCollection 2020 Nov-Dec.
The metabolic syndrome (MS) is a set of metabolic disturbances, represented by various cardiovascular risk factors which are generally associated with the central accumulation of fat and the resistance to insulin. Inadequate changes in eating behaviours and weight loss, which are associated to taking part in regular physical activity, are considered to be primary and first choice therapies for the treatment of MS, as they assist in the reduction of the abdominal girth and visceral fat, improve the sensibility to insulin and reduce the plasmatic concentrations of glucose and triglycerides, raise the values of high density lipoproteins and, consequently decrease the risk factors which contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes. The MS is a current discussion theme in the health field as it is related to illnesses/diseases, which not only cause a worldwide high mortality rate but show increasing incidence. Type 2 diabetes is characterised by a deregulation of the carbohydrates, lipids and proteins found in the metabolism and result in diminished secretion of insulin, resistance to insulin or a combination of both. Type 2 diabetes is the most form of diabetes of the first 3 types of diabetes, representing 90% of all cases. Diabetes is a chronic and complex disease which requires a strict medical follow-up so as to reduce the risks and obtain strategies for its control. The fast-epidemiological global evolution which has been registered in the last few years, leads to it being considered one of the pandemics of the 21st century. In this non-systematic and advanced review of the MS in type 2 diabetic patients, several articles were consulted, and some recently published studies were analysed.
代谢综合征（MS）是一组代谢紊乱，由各种心血管危险因素表征，这些因素通常与脂肪的中心性堆积和胰岛素抵抗有关。饮食行为和体重减轻方面的改变不足，而这与参与规律的体育活动相关，被认为是治疗MS的主要和首选疗法，因为它们有助于减少腹围和内脏脂肪，提高胰岛素敏感性，降低血糖和甘油三酯的血浆浓度，提高高密度脂蛋白水平，从而降低促成2型糖尿病发生的危险因素。MS是健康领域当前的一个讨论主题，因为它与一些疾病相关，这些疾病不仅在全球造成高死亡率，而且发病率呈上升趋势。2型糖尿病的特征是代谢中碳水化合物、脂质和蛋白质的调节失控，导致胰岛素分泌减少、胰岛素抵抗或两者兼而有之。2型糖尿病是前三种糖尿病类型中最常见的形式，占所有病例的90%。糖尿病是一种慢性复杂疾病，需要严格的医学随访，以降低风险并获得控制策略。过去几年中记录的快速全球流行病学演变，使其被视为21世纪的大流行病之一。在本次对2型糖尿病患者MS的非系统性高级综述中，查阅了多篇文章，并分析了一些最近发表的研究。
