Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.
Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2021 Jan;162:111884. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111884. Epub 2020 Dec 9.
The occurrence of cyanobacterial toxins is being increasingly reported. Nodularins (NODs) are one of the cyanotoxins group mainly produced by Nodularia spumigena throughout the world. NODs may exert adverse effects on animal and human health, and NOD-R variant is the most widely investigated. However, research focused on them is still limited. In order to understand the realistic risk well, the aim of this review is to compile the available information in the scientific literature regarding NODs, including their sources, distribution, structural characteristics, physicochemical properties, biosynthesis and degradation, adverse effects in vitro and vivo, and toxicokinetics. More data is urgently needed to integrate the cumulative or synergistic effects of NODs on different species and various cells to better understand, anticipate and aggressively manage their potential toxicity after both short- and long-term exposure in ecosystem, and to minimize or prevent the adverse effects on human health, environment and the economy.
蓝藻毒素的出现越来越受到关注。节球藻毒素（NODs）是蓝藻毒素的一种，主要由节球藻属（Nodularia spumigena）在全球范围内产生。NODs 可能对动物和人类健康产生不良影响，其中 NOD-R 变体是研究最多的一种。然而，对其的研究仍然有限。为了更好地了解现实风险，本综述的目的是编译科学文献中关于 NODs 的现有信息，包括其来源、分布、结构特征、理化性质、生物合成和降解、体外和体内的不良影响以及毒代动力学。需要更多的数据来整合 NODs 对不同物种和各种细胞的累积或协同作用，以更好地了解、预测和积极管理它们在生态系统中短期和长期暴露后的潜在毒性，并最大程度地减少或预防对人类健康、环境和经济的不利影响。
