Department of Family Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, No. 222, Maijin Road, Keelung 204, Taiwan.
College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Dec 15;21(24):9564. doi: 10.3390/ijms21249564.
Inflammatory colon diseases, which are a global health concern, include a variety of gastrointestinal tract disorders, such as inflammatory bowel disease and colon cancer. The pathogenesis of these colon disorders involves immune alterations with the pronounced infiltration of innate and adaptive immune cells into the intestines and the augmented expression of mucosal pro-inflammatory cytokines stimulated by commensal microbiota. Epidemiological studies during the past half century have shown that the proportion of obese people in a population is associated with the incidence and pathogenesis of gastrointestinal tract disorders. The advancement of understanding of the immunological basis of colon disease has shown that adipocyte-derived biologically active substances (adipokines) modulate the role of innate and adaptive immune cells in the progress of intestinal inflammation. The biomedical significance in immunological homeostasis of adipokines, including adiponectin, leptin, apelin and resistin, is clear. In this review, we highlight the existing literature on the effect and contribution of adipokines to the regulation of immunological homeostasis in inflammatory colon diseases and discuss their crucial roles in disease etiology and pathogenesis, as well as the implications of these results for new therapies in these disorders.
炎症性结肠疾病是全球性的健康问题，包括多种胃肠道疾病，如炎症性肠病和结肠癌。这些结肠疾病的发病机制涉及免疫改变，固有和适应性免疫细胞明显浸润肠道，黏膜促炎细胞因子表达增强，这是由共生微生物群刺激引起的。在过去半个世纪的流行病学研究表明，人群中肥胖者的比例与胃肠道疾病的发病率和发病机制有关。对结肠疾病免疫学基础的深入了解表明，脂肪细胞衍生的生物活性物质（脂肪因子）调节固有和适应性免疫细胞在肠道炎症进展中的作用。脂肪因子（包括脂联素、瘦素、apelin 和抵抗素）在免疫稳态中的生物医学意义是明确的。在这篇综述中，我们强调了关于脂肪因子对炎症性结肠疾病免疫稳态调节作用和贡献的现有文献，并讨论了它们在疾病病因和发病机制中的关键作用，以及这些结果对这些疾病新疗法的意义。
