State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Foods, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf. 2020 Nov;19(6):3084-3105. doi: 10.1111/1541-4337.12654. Epub 2020 Oct 20.
Aging is an inevitable process characterized by the accumulation of degenerative damage, leading to serious diseases that affect human health. Studies on aging aim to develop pre-protection or therapies to delay aging and age-related diseases. A preventive approach is preferable to clinical treatment not only to reduce investment but also to alleviate pain in patients. Adjusting daily diet habits to improve the aging condition is a potentially attractive strategy. Fruits and vegetables containing active compounds that can effectively delay the aging process and reduce or inhibit age-related degenerative diseases have been identified. The signaling pathways related to aging in Caenorhabditis elegans are evolutionarily conserved; thus, studying antiaging components by intervening senescence process may contribute to the prevention and treatment of age-related diseases in humans. This review focuses on the effects of food-derived extracts or purified substance on antiaging in nematodes, as well as the underlying mechanisms, on the basis of several major signaling pathways and key regulatory factors in aging. The aim is to provide references for a healthy diet guidance and the development of antiaging nutritional supplements. Finally, challenges in the use of C. elegans as the antiaging evaluation model are discussed, together with the development that potentially inspire novel strategies and research tools.
衰老是一个不可避免的过程，其特征是退行性损伤的积累，导致严重影响人类健康的疾病。衰老研究旨在开发预保护或治疗方法，以延缓衰老和与年龄相关的疾病。预防方法不仅可以减少投资，还可以减轻患者的痛苦，优于临床治疗。调整日常饮食习惯以改善衰老状况是一种极具吸引力的策略。已经确定了含有活性化合物的水果和蔬菜，可以有效延缓衰老过程并减少或抑制与年龄相关的退行性疾病。秀丽隐杆线虫中与衰老相关的信号通路在进化上是保守的；因此，通过干预衰老过程来研究抗衰老成分可能有助于预防和治疗人类的与年龄相关的疾病。本综述重点介绍了从食物中提取的提取物或纯化物质对线虫抗衰老的影响，以及基于衰老过程中的几个主要信号通路和关键调节因子的潜在机制。旨在为健康饮食指导和抗衰老营养补充剂的开发提供参考。最后，讨论了秀丽隐杆线虫作为抗衰老评价模型的应用挑战，以及可能激发新策略和研究工具的发展。
