Shi Jilong, Wang Jun, Lang Jian, Zhang Zhuo, Bi Yan, Liu Ran, Jiang Shan, Hou Lijuan
College of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
Biol Sport. 2020 Dec;37(4):405-413. doi: 10.5114/biolsport.2020.96855. Epub 2020 Jul 10.
During human motor control, the three pathways of motor control coordinate to complete human response and inhibition control, so whether different types of motor skills training will affect the three pathways of motor control is the main question in this study. Magnetic resonance imaging was combined with behavioural evaluation to analyse the effects of different special training sessions on the motor control network of the frontal lobe and basal ganglia and to explore the role of the central nervous system in the regulation of motor behaviour. A Stop-signal paradigm was used to measure reaction and inhibition capacity, functional magnetic resonance imaging was used for whole brain scanning, and resting state data were collected. Compared to the control group, the competitive aerobics athletes had better reflexes while the soccer players had both better reflexes and inhibitory control. Furthermore, we found that training in the two sets of skills resulted in significant differences in different resting state brain function parameters compared with the control group. Additionally, there were significant differences among the three groups in the direct and indirect pathways of motor control in terms of functional connectivity. Open skill training may improve reaction ability while closed skill training improve both reaction and inhibition ability. These results suggest that the strength of the functional connectivity between the right inferior frontal gyrus and the left putamen may be a key to improving the inhibitory, and the left supplementary motor area- bilateral thalamic loop may play an inhibitory role in motor control.
在人类运动控制过程中，运动控制的三条通路协同作用以完成人类的反应和抑制控制，因此不同类型的运动技能训练是否会影响运动控制的三条通路是本研究的主要问题。将磁共振成像与行为评估相结合，以分析不同专项训练课程对额叶和基底神经节运动控制网络的影响，并探讨中枢神经系统在运动行为调节中的作用。采用停止信号范式测量反应和抑制能力，使用功能磁共振成像进行全脑扫描，并收集静息态数据。与对照组相比，竞技健美操运动员的反应能力更好，而足球运动员的反应能力和抑制控制能力都更好。此外，我们发现与对照组相比，两组技能的训练导致不同静息态脑功能参数存在显著差异。此外，在运动控制的直接和间接通路的功能连接方面，三组之间存在显著差异。开放技能训练可能会提高反应能力，而封闭技能训练则会提高反应和抑制能力。这些结果表明，右下额叶回与左壳核之间功能连接的强度可能是提高抑制能力的关键，而左辅助运动区 - 双侧丘脑环路可能在运动控制中发挥抑制作用。
