Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States.
Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan.
J Nat Prod. 2021 Jan 22;84(1):161-182. doi: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00968. Epub 2020 Dec 22.
Three families of RNA viruses, the , , and , collectively have great potential to cause epidemic disease in human populations. The current SARS-CoV-2 () responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic underscores the lack of effective medications currently available to treat these classes of viral pathogens. Similarly, the , which includes such viruses as Dengue, West Nile, and Zika, and the , with the Ebola-type viruses, as examples, all lack effective therapeutics. In this review, we present fundamental information concerning the biology of these three virus families, including their genomic makeup, mode of infection of human cells, and key proteins that may offer targeted therapies. Further, we present the natural products and their derivatives that have documented activities to these viral and host proteins, offering hope for future mechanism-based antiviral therapeutics. By arranging these potential protein targets and their natural product inhibitors by target type across these three families of virus, new insights are developed, and crossover treatment strategies are suggested. Hence, natural products, as is the case for other therapeutic areas, continue to be a promising source of structurally diverse new anti-RNA virus therapeutics.
三种 RNA 病毒家族，即，，和，共同具有在人类中引起大流行疾病的巨大潜力。目前导致 COVID-19 大流行的 SARS-CoV-2 凸显了目前可用于治疗这些病毒病原体的有效药物的缺乏。同样，包括登革热、西尼罗河和寨卡等病毒的，以及以埃博拉病毒为例的，都缺乏有效的治疗方法。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了这三种病毒家族的生物学基本信息，包括它们的基因组结构、感染人类细胞的模式以及可能提供靶向治疗的关键蛋白。此外，我们还介绍了针对这些病毒和宿主蛋白具有已记录活性的天然产物及其衍生物，为未来基于机制的抗病毒治疗提供了希望。通过按病毒家族排列这些潜在的蛋白靶点及其天然产物抑制剂，我们开发了新的见解，并提出了交叉治疗策略。因此，天然产物与其他治疗领域一样，仍然是具有结构多样性的新型抗 RNA 病毒治疗药物的有前途的来源。
