Heesen Raphaela, Bangerter Adrian, Zuberbühler Klaus, Rossano Federico, Iglesias Katia, Guéry Jean-Pascal, Genty Emilie
Institute of Work and Organizational Psychology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St. Andrews, Scotland, UK.
Sci Adv. 2020 Dec 18;6(51). doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abd1306. Print 2020 Dec.
Joint action is central to human nature, enabling collectives to achieve goals otherwise unreachable by individuals. It is enabled by humans' capacity to understand and engage in joint commitments. Joint commitments are evidenced when partners in interrupted joint actions reengage one another. To date, there is no clear evidence whether nonhuman animals understand joint commitment, suggesting that only humans experience it. Here, we revisit this claim by interrupting bonobos engaged in social activities. Bonobos reliably resumed the activity, and the likelihood of resumption was higher for social compared to solitary activities. Furthermore, communicative efforts deployed to suspend and resume social activities varied depending on partners' social relationships and interactive roles. Our results suggest that bonobos, like humans, engage in joint commitment and have some awareness of the social consequences of breaking it.
联合行动是人性的核心，它使集体能够实现个体无法达成的目标。人类理解并参与联合承诺的能力促成了联合行动。当参与中断的联合行动的伙伴重新互动时，联合承诺就得到了证明。迄今为止，尚无明确证据表明非人类动物理解联合承诺，这表明只有人类能体验到它。在此，我们通过打断参与社交活动的倭黑猩猩来重新审视这一观点。倭黑猩猩可靠地恢复了活动，而且与单独活动相比，社交活动恢复的可能性更高。此外，为暂停和恢复社交活动而做出的沟通努力因伙伴的社会关系和互动角色而异。我们的研究结果表明，倭黑猩猩和人类一样，会做出联合承诺，并且对违背承诺的社会后果有一定的认识。
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